Metabolomics,Unknown,Transcriptomics,Genomics,Proteomics

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Long-time and transgenerational effects of stress experienced during different life phases in chickens

ABSTRACT: Stress in animals causes not only immediate reactions, but may modify many aspects of their biology for long periods. Particular interest has been paid to perinatal stress, and in several species this may affect behaviour and physiology for a long time, even across generations. Also adolescence has been shown to be a sensitive period in mammals, but so far, no systematic comparison has been performed of the relative sensitivity of different life phases. In this study, groups of chickens were exposed to a six-day period of repeated and varied stress during three different life phases: early (two weeks, 2W), adolescence (eight weeks, 8W) and adult (17 weeks, 17W), and the effects compared to an unstressed control group. Long-term and transgenerational effects were determined with hypothalamic gene expression analysis.

ORGANISM(S): Gallus gallus

SUBMITTER: Johan Bélteky

PROVIDER: E-MTAB-3623 | biostudies-arrayexpress |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress

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Project description:This study integrates global transcriptional profiling and the metabolic perturbation induced by fasting and re-feeding. Genetic control of growth and development should be revealed by systematic modeling of metabolic and regulatory pathways. Chicken oligo arrays were used for transcriptional profiling in two time-course experiments. Two critical developmental stages were chosen: immediately after hatchling (Wk1) and prior to marketing of broiler chickens (Wk6). Only male chickens were used to simplify the experimental design. A RNA reference design was employed for microarray hybridization using two reference RNA pools derived from all individuals sampled at either Wk1 or Wk6. Microarray data was acquired using GenePix Pro software. Loess normalization and a linear mixed model were applied in data processing using the R statistical package with LIMMA software [Smyth, G. K. (2004) Linear models and empirical Bayes methods for assessing differential expression in microarray experiments. Statistical Applications in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Vol. 3, No. 1, Article 3]. The results show hundreds of differentially expressed genes, which are regulated by age and the metabolic perturbation of fasting and re-feeding. Numerous common genes were found at both developmental stages (Wk1 and Wk6) that could be candidates for controlling growth and development of chickens. Differential expression revealed by either microarray or qRT-PCR analyses of selected genes was highly consistent. QRT-PCR verification of genes acutely depressed by fasting includes AGO1, ANGTPL3, ATPCL, FASN, FAT, ME1, PPARG, SCD1, SREBP1 and THRSPA. Genes up-regulated by fasting were ALDOB, IL-15, LDHB, LIPIN2, PANK1, PPARA and UPP2. These genes are functionally assigned to metabolic enzymes, transcription factors, acute phase proteins, immune factors and involved in various pathways (i.e., fatty acid and amino acid metabolism, glycolysis, growth factor signaling and immune defense). A reference RNA design was used for microarray hybridizations, where the same reference RNA pool was co-hybridized to each target sample on an microarray. The reference RNA pool was made from an equal amount of high-quality amplified RNA (aRNA), derived from all liver samples within each experiment (Wk1 = 50 samples and Wk6 = 30 samples). The reference RNA pool was labeled with Alexa 647 while each target sample was labeled with Alexa 555.

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Long-time and transgenerational effects of stress experienced during different life phases in chickens

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