Metabolomics,Unknown,Transcriptomics,Genomics,Proteomics

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The guanidinobutyrase GbuA is essential for the alkylquinolone-regulated pyocyanin production during parasitic growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in co-culture with Aeromonas hydrophila

ABSTRACT: The opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa controls the production of virulence factors via its quorum sensing (QS) systems. The addition of 100 M 4-GB to succinate-containing medium led to a strong reduction of pyocyanin production in strain PAO1gbuA, whereas pyocyanin production by the wildtype was not affected. To investigate possible transcriptional differences between the two strains RNAseq analysis of strains PAO1 and PAO1gbuA in the presence of 4-GB was performed. RNA was extracted in late exponential phase. For the isolation of RNA for RNAseq analysis, pre-cultures of strains PAO1 and PAO1gbuA were grown in medium B containing 20 mM succinate for 12 h at 37C. Cells were washed and used to inoculate main cultures in medium B containing 20 mM succinate and 100 M 4-GB in triplicates with an OD600 of 0.001. After incubation for 11 h at 37C, the respective triplicates were combined, harvested by centrifugation and resuspended in medium B without complementing solutions. From these cell suspensions, RNA was extracted with the innuPREP RNA Minikit from Analytik Jena (Jena, Germany) according to the manufacturers instructions. Residual DNA was removed by digestion with 10 U RNase-free DNase I (Thermo scientific) for 1 h in the presence of RiboLock RNase inhibitor (Thermo scientific). After DNA digestion, the RNA was again purified with the same kit. RNA quality was checked by Trinean Xpose (Gentbrugge, Belgium) and the Agilent RNA Nano 6000 Kit on an Agilent 2100 Bioanalyzer (Agilent Technologies, Boblingen, Germany). Ribosomal RNA molecules were removed from total RNA with the Ribo-Zero rRNA Removal Kit (Illumina, San Diega, USA) and removal of rRNA was checked with the Agilent RNA Pico 6000 Kit on an Agilent 2100 Bioanalyzer. cDNA libraries were prepared with the TruSeq Stranded mRNA Library Prep Kit (Illumina, San Diego, USA), and the resulting cDNA was sequenced paired end on an Illumina MiSeq system using 75 bp read length.

INSTRUMENT(S): Illumina MiSeq

ORGANISM(S): Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1

SUBMITTER: Tobias Busche

PROVIDER: E-MTAB-4777 | biostudies-arrayexpress |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress

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Project description:To understand cell responses against high succinate stress, a continuous culture was performed for 9 months using a wild Escherichia coli under gradually increasing succinate stress. The final adapted strain against high succinate stress, named DST160, was able to grow with no lag phase in medium containing 1.35 M of succinate stress while wild W3110 showed more than 38 h lag phase. The maximum growth rate and growth yield of DST160 under the stress condition were 0.20 h-1 and 0.192 g-cell/g-glucose, which were 53.8 % and 12.3 % higher than those of W3110 (0.13 h-1 and 0.171 g-cell/g-glucose, respectively). A single colony of E. coli W3110 was inoculated into a 15-mL tube containing 4 mL of LB medium. After 12 h cultivation in a shaking incubator at 37℃ and 220 rpm, pre-culture (1 mL) was transferred to a 250 mL-fermentor (Mini-chemostat fermentor; Biotron Inc., Bucheon, Korea) containing 100 mL medium consisted of M9-glucose minimal medium (3 g glucose , 0.8 g NH4Cl, 0.5 g NaCl, 7.5 g Na2HPO4•2H2O, 3 g KH2PO4 with separately added trace elements of 0.2 g MgSO4•7H2O, 0.1 g CaCl2, 1 mg thiamine) per liter supplemented with 254 mmole of succinate (30 g succinic acid) per liter. The initial pH of the medium was set to be pH 7.5 by adding 6N NaOH. The fermentor was operated at 37℃, 350 rpm with air flushing (100 mL/min.). After 12 h batch mode growth, feeding and outlet pumps were turned on at flow rate of 0.167 mL/min (Dilution rate=0.1 h-1). The fresh medium reservoir (10 L) contained the same contents and pH with the initial medium. Every 10 turnover time (100 h), the reservoir was changed with the same medium composition except succinate concentration. The succinate concentration of the reservoir was gradually increased by 25.4 ~ 84.7 mM (3 ~ 10 g/L of succinic acid) at a time than previous states depending on the cell concentrations at the outlet. When the cell concentration was reduced below O.D.=0.2, succinate feeding pump was temporarily stopped to go back to the slightly lower succinate concentration. The continuous culture was performed until the steady state when succinate in the reservoir reached 1.35 M (160 g/L in succinic acid form). The final adapted cells in 100 mL culture were harvested by centrifuge and frozen rapidly in a liquid nitrogen tank for further analyses including DNA microarray. To understand the change of up/down regulations in the high-succinate adapted E. coli, total mRNAs of control cells and the adapted E. coli cells were extracted using a RNA extraction kit (RNeasy mini kit; Quiagen, Hilden, Germany), and the transcriptomes were compared using DNA microarray. Hybridization and washing were accomplished by a facility of Digital Genomics Co (Seoul, Korea). DNA microarray were scanned using an Axon GenePix 4000B Scanner (Axon Instruments, Union City, CA, USA), and the scanned images were analyzed with GenePix Pro 3.0 software to obtain gene expression ratios.

Project description:We probed the mechanism of cross-regulation of osmotic and heat stress responses by characterizing the effects of high osmolarity (0.3M vs. 0.0M NaCl) and temperature (43oC vs. 30oC) on the transcriptome of Escherichia coli K12 using E. coli Genome 2 Array (Affymetrix, Inc.). Independent array hybridizations were carried out for 3 biological replicates (independent cultures). Total RNA was extracted using a hot phenol-chloroform method. cDNA synthesis, fragmentation and labeling, and washing and scanning of E. coli GeneChip Arrays were performed according to the instructions of the manufacturer (Affymetrix Technical Manual, Affymetrix, Inc., USA). Labeled cDNA was hybridized to E. coli Genome 2 Array (Affymetrix, Inc.). Independent array hybridizations were carried out for 3 biological replicates (independent cultures) of each condition. A number of genes in the SoxRS and OxyR oxidative stress regulons were up-regulated by high osmolarity, high temperature, and/or by the combination of both stresses. This result could account for cross-protection of osmotic stress against oxidative stress. The trehalose biosynthetic genes were induced by both stresses, in accord with the proposed protective role of this disaccharide against thermal and oxidative damage. Experiment Overall Design: E. coli K12 strain NCM3722 cultures were grown with aeration in K medium containing 10 or 20 mM glucose. To impose osmotic stress, the osmolarity of the medium was increased to 0.64 osm by supplementation with 0.3 M NaCl. Because E. coli is a methionine auxotroph above 42oC the K medium cultures were supplemented with 0.5 mM methionine. Glycine betaine (GB) was added to the high osmolarity media to a final concentration of 1 mM. Cells taken from a single colony on LB agar were inoculated into 1ml liquid LB and grown to saturation at 37oC, then 0.05 ml were inoculated into i) K medium, 0.5 mM methionine, 10 mM glucose; ii) K medium, 0.5 mM methionine, 10 mM glucose, 0.3 M NaCl; and iii) K medium, 0.5 mM methionine, 10 mM glucose, 0.3 M NaCl, 1 mM GB. The cultures were grown to saturation at 30oC and 43oC, and sub-cultured once into the same medium and grown at the same temperatures as before. Exponentially growing cells form these cultures were then inoculated into Erlenmeyer flasks (starting OD600nm 0.05) containing 40 ml of the same medium, and incubated in the same salt and temperature conditions as used previously, except that the glucose concentration was increased to 20 mM. When the cells reached OD600nm of 0.4-0.5 (~3 doublings), 25 ml were added to a 2.5 ml mixture of cold 95% ethanol and 5% phenol to preserve RNA. The cells were cooled briefly on ice, immediately harvested by centrifugation (4oC), and the pellet was frozen on dry ice. The six different growth conditions used were: C1 - 30oC, no NaCl; C2: 30oC, 0.3 M NaCl; C3: 30oC, 0.3 M NaCl, 1 mM GB; C4: 43oC, no NaCl; C5: 43oC, 0.3 M NaCl; C6: 43oC, 0.3 M NaCl, 1 mM GB.

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The guanidinobutyrase GbuA is essential for the alkylquinolone-regulated pyocyanin production during parasitic growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in co-culture with Aeromonas hydrophila

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