Aberrant expression of NKL homeobox genes HMX2 and HMX3 interferes with cell differentiation in acute myeloid leukemia
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
INSTRUMENT(S): Illumina NovaSeq 6000
ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens
SUBMITTER: Claudia Pommerenke
PROVIDER: E-MTAB-9079 | biostudies-arrayexpress |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress
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Project description:Homeobox genes encode transcription factors regulating basic processes in cell differentiation during embryogenesis and in the adult. Recently, we have reported the NKL-code which describes physiological expression patterns of nine NKL homeobox genes in early hematopoiesis and in lymphopoiesis including main stages of T-, B- and NK-cell development. Aberrant activity of NKL homeobox genes is involved in the generation of hematological malignancies including T-cell leukemia. Here, we searched for deregulated NKL homeobox genes in main entities of T-cell lymphomas comprising peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL), angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL), anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL), adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL), hepatospleenic T-cell lymphoma (HSTL), and NK/T-cell lymphoma (NKTL). Our data revealed in all types altogether 19 aberrantly overexpressed genes, demonstrating that deregulated NKL homeobox genes play a significant role in T-cell lymphomas as well. For detailed analyses we focused on NKL homeobox gene MSX1 which is normally expressed in NK-cells and aberrantly activated in T-cell leukemia. This gene was overexpressed in subsets of HSTL patients and HSTL-derived sister cell lines DERL-2 and DERL-7 which served as models to identify mechanisms of deregulation. We performed genomic and expression profiling and whole genome sequencing and revealed mutated and deregulated gene candidates including the fusion gene CD53-PDGFRB exclusively expressed in DERL-2. Subsequent knockdown experiments allowed the construction of an aberrant network involved in MSX1 deregulation containing chromatin factors AUTS2 and H3B/H3.1, PDGF- and BMP-signalling pathways, and homeobox genes NKX2-2 and PITX1. The gene encoding AUTS2 is located at 7q11 and may represent a basic target of the HSTL hallmark aberration i(7q). Our data indicate both oncogenic and tumor suppressor functions of MSX1 in HSTL, reflecting its activity in early lineage differentiation of T- and NK-cells and the presence of NK-cell like characteristics in malignant HSTL cells. In this context, NKL homeobox gene MSX1 may represent a selective target in HSTL tumor evolution. Together, the data highlight an oncogenic role of deregulated NKL homeobox genes in T-cell lymphoma and identified MSX1 as a novel player in HSTL, involved in aberrant NK- and T-cell differentiation.
2019-11-01 | E-MTAB-7734 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Early B-cell development is primarily regulated at the transcriptional level and comprises the consecutive differentiation stages B-cell progenitor, pro-B-cell and pre-B-cell. These entities provide the cells of origin in B-cell precursor acute lymphoid leukemia (BCP-ALL) which show deregulation of developmental transcription factors (TFs), representing major oncogenic drivers. Analysis of TF activities in these developmental entities helps understanding both their normal and aberrant expression and regulatory connections. Here, we focused on NKL-subclass homeodomain TF NKX6-3 which is active in normal B-cell progenitors and TCF3::PBX1-positive BCP-ALL cases. Performing siRNA-mediated knockdown and forced expression experiments in BCP-ALL model cell lines, we established a gene regulatory network for NKX6-3 together with NKL-TFs HLX, MSX1 and HHEX, TALE-class homeodomain TFs MEIS1 and IRX1, ETS-TFs ERG, ETS2 and SPIB, and additionally with PAX5, EBF1 and IRF4. NKX6-3 and TCF3::PBX1 were found to be mutual activators, underlying their co-expression. Furthermore, comparative expression profiling analysis of BCP-ALL patients revealed TGFb-pathway inhibitor CD109 as downregulated target gene of NKX6-3. TGFb in turn enhanced NKX6-3 expression, indicating mutual activation. Finally, RNA-seq analysis of BCP-ALL cell line RCH-ACV after NKX6-3 knockdown revealed MPP7 as upregulated target gene of both, NKX6-3 and TCF3::PBX1. Elevated MPP7 expression indicated an oncogenic role of the HIPPO-pathway in TCF3::PBX1 positive BCP-ALL. Collectively, our data add novel players and regulatory connections to normal and aberrant TF-networks in B-cell progenitors which may serve as diagnostic markers or therapeutic targets.
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