Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Implications of Endothelial Dysfunction in Patients with Heart Failure.

ABSTRACT: Heart failure is a complex medical syndrome that is attributed to a number of risk factors; nevertheless, its clinical presentation is quite similar among the different etiologies. Heart failure displays a rapidly increasing prevalence due to the aging of the population and the success of medical treatment and devices. The pathophysiology of heart failure comprises several mechanisms, such as activation of neurohormonal systems, oxidative stress, dysfunctional calcium handling, impaired energy utilization, mitochondrial dysfunction, and inflammation, which are also implicated in the development of endothelial dysfunction. Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction is usually the result of myocardial loss, which progressively ends in myocardial remodeling. On the other hand, heart failure

SUBMITTER: Tsigkou V 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10001590 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature