Tumor Vasculature as an Emerging Pharmacological Target to Promote Anti-Tumor Immunity.

ABSTRACT: Tumor vasculature abnormality creates a microenvironment that is not suitable for anti-tumor immune response and thereby induces resistance to immunotherapy. Remodeling of dysfunctional tumor blood vessels by anti-angiogenic approaches, known as vascular normalization, reshapes the tumor microenvironment toward an immune-favorable one and improves the effectiveness of immunotherapy. The tumor vasculature serves as a potential pharmacological target with the capacity of promoting an anti-tumor immune response. In this review, the molecular mechanisms involved in tumor vascular microenvironment-modulated immune reactions are summarized. In addition, the evidence of pre-clinical and clinical studies for the combined targeting of pro-angiogenic signaling and immune checkpoint molecules with th

SUBMITTER: Tzeng HT 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10002465 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature