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Effects of methylphenidate on impulsive choice and delay aversion in Lewis rats.

ABSTRACT: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), a common behavioral disorder in children and young adults, is characterized by symptoms of impulsivity, inattention, and hyperactivity. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the Lewis rat strain as a model of ADHD by testing their impulsive choices. Lewis rats were compared to their source strain, the Wistar rat, on an impulsive choice task. Rats completed the tasks on and off methylphenidate, a commonly prescribed medication for ADHD. Off methylphenidate, Lewis rats made more impulsive choices than Wistar rats. Analyses of acquisition of choice behavior suggested that both strains were able to discriminate reward sizes, but Lewis rats still chose the smaller-sooner option more than the larger-later (LL) option when the delays to reward were the same. This may be due to an aversion to the LL lever, which was associated with the longest delays to reward. Higher doses of methylphenidate increased LL choices in Lewis rats but decreased LL choices in Wistar rats. Altogether, these results suggest Lewis rats may be a viable model for ADHD in individuals whose symptoms are characterized by impulsive choices.

SUBMITTER: Panfil K

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10006322 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Effects of methylphenidate on impulsive choice and delay aversion in Lewis rats.

Panfil Kelsey K Small Robert R Kirkpatrick Kimberly K

Behavioural pharmacology 20230130 2-3

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), a common behavioral disorder in children and young adults, is characterized by symptoms of impulsivity, inattention, and hyperactivity. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the Lewis rat strain as a model of ADHD by testing their impulsive choices. Lewis rats were compared to their source strain, the Wistar rat, on an impulsive choice task. Rats completed the tasks on and off methylphenidate, a commonly prescribed medication for ADHD. Off met ...[more]

PMID: 36752349

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Project description:ObjectiveThe term delay aversion has been used both to describe a behavioral tendency of greater preference for smaller-immediate over larger-delayed rewards (choice impulsivity) and to refer to a secondary explanatory construct put forward by delay aversion theory. In this study, we examined the association of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms with choice impulsivity and tested the specific hypothesis derived from delay aversion theory.MethodA total of 1,062 children aged 7.90 to 10.90 years (49% girls) made a fixed number of repeated choices between a smaller reward delivered immediately and a larger reward delivered after a delay (choice-delay task), under two conditions (including and excluding a postreward delay). We assessed the unique contribution of each ADHD symptom dimension to the prediction of choice impulsivity and delay aversion, controlling for age (or age and IQ). Sex effects were examined.Results: Inattention ratings uniquely predicted preference for smaller-immediate rewards under both task conditions for both sexes. An index of delay aversion was associated with inattention only in boys; the effect size was small yet significant. Hyperactivity-impulsivity ratings were negatively associated with choice impulsivity in girls in the postreward delay condition, whereas no significant association with hyperactivity-impulsivity ratings was observed in boys. Categorical analyses using groups with high ADHD symptoms yielded similar results.ConclusionsThis is the first study to report a unique association between inattention symptoms and behavioral measures of choice impulsivity and delay aversion. The findings indicate the importance of the primary constitutional processes that underlie choice impulsivity and their potential role in behavioral inattention. Understanding the behavioral and brain processes underlying choice impulsivity may lead to the improved targeting of behavioral and pharmacological interventions.

Dataset Information

Effects of methylphenidate on impulsive choice and delay aversion in Lewis rats.

Publications

Effects of methylphenidate on impulsive choice and delay aversion in Lewis rats.

Similar Datasets

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