Skeletal myotube-derived extracellular vesicles enhance itaconate production and attenuate inflammatory responses of macrophages.

ABSTRACT:

Introduction

Macrophages play an important role in the innate immunity. While macrophage inflammation is necessary for biological defense, it must be appropriately controlled. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small vesicles released from all types of cells and play a central role in intercellular communication. Skeletal muscle has been suggested to release anti-inflammatory factors, but the effect of myotube-derived EVs on macrophages is unknown. As an anti-inflammatory mechanism of macrophages, the immune responsive gene 1 (IRG1)-itaconate pathway is essential. In this study, we show that skeletal muscle-derived EVs suppress macrophage inflammatory responses, upregulating the IRG1-itaconate pathway.

Methods

C2C12 myoblasts were differentiated into myotubes and EVs were extr

SUBMITTER: Yamaguchi A 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10018131 | biostudies-literature | 2023

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature