Relative Water Age in Premise Plumbing Systems Using an Agent-Based Modeling Framework.

ABSTRACT: Tools used to predict hydraulics and water quality within premise plumbing systems have gained recent interest. An open-source Python-based tool-PPMtools-for modeling and analyzing premise plumbing systems with WNTR or EPANET is presented. A relative water age-the time water has spent in a home-study using three real-world single-family homes was used to demonstrate PPMtools. Results showed that increased use-more people or higher flow fixtures-led to a general decrease in relative water ages. However, even with more use, one user could still experience water for a drinking activity with a relative water age equal to, or longer than, the duration of the longest stagnant period (sleeping or absence from home). Simulations also showed that the general relative water ages increased if the hom

SUBMITTER: Burkhardt JB 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10031510 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature