Cerebral Hemorrhage: Pathophysiology, Treatment, and Future Directions.

ABSTRACT: Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a devastating form of stroke with high morbidity and mortality. This review article focuses on the epidemiology, cause, mechanisms of injury, current treatment strategies, and future research directions of ICH. Incidence of hemorrhagic stroke has increased worldwide over the past 40 years, with shifts in the cause over time as hypertension management has improved and anticoagulant use has increased. Preclinical and clinical trials have elucidated the underlying ICH cause and mechanisms of injury from ICH including the complex interaction between edema, inflammation, iron-induced injury, and oxidative stress. Several trials have investigated optimal medical and surgical management of ICH without clear improvement in survival and functional outcomes. Ongoing

SUBMITTER: Magid-Bernstein J 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10032582 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature