Dataset Information

The Polarizing Trend of Regional CO₂ Emissions in China and Its Implications.

ABSTRACT: CO₂ emissions are unevenly distributed both globally and regionally within nation-states. Given China's entrance into the new stage of economic development, an updated study on the largest CO₂ emitter's domestic emission distribution is needed for effective and coordinated global CO₂ mitigation planning. We discovered that domestic CO₂ emissions in China are increasingly polarized for the 2007-2017 period. Specifically, the domestically exported CO₂ emissions from the less developed and more polluting northwest region to the rest of China has drastically increased from 165 Mt in 2007 to 230 Mt in 2017. We attribute the polarizing trend to the simultaneous industrial upgrading of all regions and the persistent disparity in the development and emission decoupling of China's regions. We also noted that CO₂ emissions exported from China to the rest of the world has decreased by 41% from 2007 to 2017, with other developing countries filling up the vacancy. As this trend is set to intensify, we intend to send an alarm message to policy makers to devise and initiate actions and avoid the continuation of pollution migration.

SUBMITTER: He K

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10035028 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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The Polarizing Trend of Regional CO2 Emissions in China and Its Implications.

He Kehan K Mi Zhifu Z Zhang Jin J Li Jinkai J Coffman D'Maris D

Environmental science & technology 20230228 11

CO2 emissions are unevenly distributed both globally and regionally within nation-states. Given China's entrance into the new stage of economic development, an updated study on the largest CO2 emitter's domestic emission distribution is needed for effective and coordinated global CO2 mitigation planning. We discovered that domestic CO2 emissions in China are increasingly polarized for the 2007-2017 period. Specifically, the domestically exported CO<sub ...[more]

PMID: 36854052

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Project description:Iran has increased its CO2 emissions significantly during the past few decades. The household sector in Iran contributes one of the largest sectors of CO2 emissions. Despite this significant contribution, the existing policies have predominantly concentrated on large-scale initiatives while overlooking the regional role in shaping and implementing these plans. Therefore, this study investigates the relationship between CO2 emissions and the efficient factors in three major groups including energy, climate, and household socio-economic factors. This study aims to address regional carbon emissions and develop CO2 reduction policies tailored to each region's specific circumstances. It focuses on planning strategies at the regional level to effectively tackle CO2 emissions. Household panel data of 28 provinces of Iran are employed by using both static and dynamic panel models for the years 2001 to 2019. Static estimation includes Fixed Effect (FE), Random Effect (RE) and pooled Partial least squares (PLS), Dynamic estimation includes difference Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) and system Generalized Method of Moments (GMM). The empirical result of the static method showed positive dependence of household CO2 emissions on Heating Degree Days (HDD), Cooling Degree Days (CDD), precipitation level, oil consumption, gas consumption, household income, size of household, and also building stocks. In more detail, educational rate, dummy variable (removal of energy subsidy), and oil price reveal the greatest negative impact on the emissions with elasticities of - 0.428, - 0.31, and - 0.15; It represents 1% increase causes - 0.428, - 0.31, - 0.15, decrease CO2 emissions, respectively. however, household size, gas consumption, and oil consumption show the most significant positive effects on CO2 emissions with 1 percent increase causes CO2 emissions increases by 0.1, 0.044, and 0.026, respectively. Regarding the impact of climate factors, a 1% increase in Heating Degree Days, Cooling Degree Days, and precipitation level causes CO2 emissions increase by 0.024%, 0.004%, and 0.011% respectively, due to an increase in fossil energy demand. Results of the dynamic method of the system Generalized Method of Moments are similar to the static estimation results, except for that household size and urbanization are not significant. Also, removing the energy subsidy for fossil fuels due to substantial subsidy in fossil fuels in Iran or implementing a re-pricing energy policy can be a beneficial way to control carbon emissions from households within the provinces of the country. However, it is important to consider that this shift could potentially transfer subsidies to investments in the private sector for renewable energies.

Dataset Information

The Polarizing Trend of Regional CO₂ Emissions in China and Its Implications.

Publications

The Polarizing Trend of Regional CO<sub>2</sub> Emissions in China and Its Implications.

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