An overview of pathophysiology and treatment options of osteonecrosis of femoral head in sickle cell disease.

ABSTRACT: Osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) is the most prevalent musculoskeletal pathologic manifestation of sickle cell disease (SCD) resulting in an osteonecrotic event. This review aimed to summarize mechanisms involved in pathophysiology of ONFH and treatment options available in Saudi Arabia to treat SCD patients with complication of osteonecrotic event. The pathophysiology of ONFH include genetic and micro particles involvement. The progression of osteonecrosis involves reduced levels of bioactive compounds in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and elevated CD4+T circulating levels to stimulate pro-inflammatory cytokines contributing to inflammation at target site. Initial treatment approach is pharmacological agents use to mitigate risk. Further, bone morphogenetic protein stimulation

SUBMITTER: Al-Otaibi ML 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10043914 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature