Dataset Information

Personality trait associations with quality-of-life outcomes following bariatric surgery: a systematic review.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Obesity can be a significant challenge to health and quality of life (QoL). Bariatric surgery assists with weight loss and may help improve QoL. However, not all patients benefit from surgery. Personality traits may be related to QoL outcomes after bariatric surgery, but these associations are unclear.

Purpose

This research reviews the published literature on the associations between personality and QoL among post-operative bariatric patients.

Method

Four databases (CINAHL Complete, Medline with Full Text, APA PsycINFO, and Scopus) were searched from inception until March 2022. Forward searching was conducted using Google Scholar, and backward reference citation searches were also performed.

Results

Five studies met inclusion criteria yielding data from N = 441 post-bariatric patients including both pre/post and cross-sectional designs. Higher agreeableness was related to lower overall health-related QoL (HRQol) and gastric HRQol and positively associated with psychological HRQol. Higher emotional stability was positively related to overall HRQol. Higher impulsivity was negatively associated with mental HRQol and was unrelated to physical HRQol. Effects for the remaining traits were either mainly mixed or null.

Conclusion

Personality traits may be associated with HRQol outcomes. However, it is difficult to reliably discern the role of personality traits for HRQol and QoL outcomes given the methodological issues and few published studies. More rigorous research is needed to address these issues and clarify possible associations.

SUBMITTER: Summerville S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10061792 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Personality trait associations with quality-of-life outcomes following bariatric surgery: a systematic review.

Summerville Sarah S Kirwan Emma E Sutin Angelina R AR Fortune Donal D O'Súilleabháin Páraic S PS

Health and quality of life outcomes 20230329 1

<h4>Background</h4>Obesity can be a significant challenge to health and quality of life (QoL). Bariatric surgery assists with weight loss and may help improve QoL. However, not all patients benefit from surgery. Personality traits may be related to QoL outcomes after bariatric surgery, but these associations are unclear.<h4>Purpose</h4>This research reviews the published literature on the associations between personality and QoL among post-operative bariatric patients.<h4>Method</h4>Four databas ...[more]

PMID: 36991416

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Project description:IntroductionLiterature describing the impact of dietary intake on weight outcomes after bariatric surgery has not been synthesized. This study aimed to synthesize the evidence regarding any association between diet composition and weight outcomes post-bariatric surgery.MethodsCINAHL, Cochrane, Embase, MEDLINE and Scopus were searched for adult studies up to June 2021 that assessed any association between dietary intakes (≥1-macronutrient, food group, or dietary pattern) and weight outcomes at 12-months or longer after bariatric surgery. Risk of bias and quality assessments were conducted using the Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network checklists and the NHMRC's Level of Evidence and Grades for Recommendations. Study findings were presented according to the time of post-surgery dietary intake assessment (≤12months, between 12 and 24 months, ≥24months).Results5923 articles were identified, 260 were retrieved for full text screening, and 36 were eligible for inclusion (9 interventional including five randomized-controlled trials, and 27 observational cohort studies; sample sizes: 20-1610; total sample: 5065; follow-up periods: 1 year-12 years; level of evidence: II to IV, risk of bias: low to high). Findings on the association between long-term weight outcomes and dietary composition up to 24-months were mixed. After 24-months, studies consistently suggested no significant associations between weight loss and macronutrient composition or core food group patterns, or between carbohydrate, protein or food group patterns and weight recurrence. A single cohort study reported a weak association between diet quality score and weight-recurrence after 24-months.ConclusionThere was no strong evidence to support significant associations between diet composition and weight outcomes post-bariatric surgery. The heterogeneity in study design and quality may reduce generalizability to external populations. Individualized dietary recommendations may be useful to support long-term post-surgery weight outcomes. More studies are needed to define and measure diet quality in this patient cohort.RegistrationPROSPERO (CRD42021264120).

Project description:Background/objectivesDespite the effectiveness of bariatric surgery, there is still substantial variability in long-term weight outcomes and few factors with predictive power to explain this variability. Neuroimaging may provide a novel biomarker with utility beyond other commonly used variables in bariatric surgery trials to improve prediction of long-term weight-loss outcomes. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of sleeve gastrectomy (SG) on reward and cognitive control circuitry postsurgery and determine the extent to which baseline brain activity predicts weight loss at 12-month postsurgery.Subjects/methodsUsing a longitudinal design, behavioral, hormone and neuroimaging data (during a desire for palatable food regulation paradigm) were collected from 18 patients undergoing SG at baseline (<1 month prior) and 12-month post-SG.ResultsSG patients lost an average of 29.0% of their weight (percentage of total weight loss (%TWL)) at 12-month post-SG, with significant variability (range: 16.0-43.5%). Maladaptive eating behaviors (uncontrolled, emotional and externally cued eating) improved (P<0.01), in parallel with reductions in fasting hormones (acyl ghrelin, leptin, glucose, insulin; P<0.05). Brain activity in the nucleus accumbens (NAcc), caudate, pallidum and amygdala during desire for palatable food enhancement vs regulation decreased from baseline to 12 months (P (family-wise error (FWE))<0.05). Dorsolateral and dorsomedial prefrontal cortex activity during desire for palatable food regulation (vs enhancement) increased from baseline to 12 months (P(FWE)<0.05). Baseline activity in the NAcc and hypothalamus during desire for palatable food enhancement was significantly predictive of %TWL at 12 months (P (FWE)<0.05), superior to behavioral and hormone predictors, which did not significantly predict %TWL (P>0.10). Using stepwise linear regression, left NAcc activity accounted for 54% of the explained variance in %TWL at 12 months.ConclusionsConsistent with previous obesity studies, reward-related neural circuit activity may serve as an objective, relatively robust predictor of postsurgery weight loss. Replication in larger studies is necessary to determine true effect sizes for outcome prediction.

Project description:Background/objectivesWeight-related quality of life (WRQOL) and generic health-related quality of life (HRQOL) have been identified as important patient-reported outcomes for obesity treatment and outcome research. This study evaluated patterns of WRQOL and HRQOL outcomes for adolescents at 24-months post-bariatric surgery relative to a nonsurgical comparator sample of youth with severe obesity, and examined potential weight-based (e.g., BMI, weight dissatisfaction) and psychosocial predictors and correlates of these outcomes.Subjects/methodsMulti-site data from 139 adolescents undergoing bariatric surgery (Mage = 16.9; 79.9% female, 66.2% White; MBody Mass Index [BMI] = 51.5 kg/m2) and 83 comparators (Mage = 16.1; 81.9 % female, 54.2% White; MBMI = 46.9 kg/m2) were collected at pre-surgery/baseline, 6-, 12-, and 24-months post-surgery/baseline with high participation rates across time points (>85%). Self-reports with standardized measures of WRQOL/HRQOL as well as predictors/covariates (e.g., weight dissatisfaction, social support, peer victimization, family dysfunction, loss of control eating, self-worth, and internalizing symptoms) were obtained. Growth curve models using structural equation modeling examined WRQOL/HRQOL over time and linear regressions examined predictors and correlates of WRQOL/HRQOL outcomes.ResultsSignificant improvement in WRQOL and Physical HRQOL, particularly in the first postoperative year with a leveling off subsequently, was found for the surgical group relative to comparators, but with no significant Mental HRQOL change. At 24 months, the surgical group had significantly greater WRQOL/HRQOL across most subscales. Within the surgical group at 24 months, weight-based variables were significantly associated with WRQOL and Physical HRQOL, but not Mental HRQOL. Mental HRQOL was associated with greater internalizing symptoms and loss of control eating.ConclusionsFor adolescents undergoing bariatric surgery, most clinically meaningful changes in WRQOL and Physical HRQOL occurred early postoperatively, with weight-based variables as the primary drivers of 24-month levels. In contrast, expectations for Mental HRQOL improvement following surgery should be tempered, with 24-month levels significantly associated with psychosocial rather than weight-based correlates.

Project description:BackgroundUnder the Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery Accreditation and Quality Improvement Program, hospitals will receive risk-adjusted outcomes feedback for peer comparisons and benchmarking. It remains uncertain whether bariatric outcomes have adequate reliability to identify outlying performance, especially for hospitals with low caseloads that will be included in the program. We explored the ability of risk-adjusted outcomes to identify outlying hospital performance with bariatric surgery for a range of hospital caseloads.Study designWe used the 2010 State Inpatient Databases for 12 states (N = 31,240 patients) to assess different outcomes (eg, complications, reoperation, and mortality) after bariatric stapling procedures. We first quantified outcomes reliability on a 0 (no reliability) to 1 (perfect reliability) scale. We then assessed whether risk- and reliability-adjusted outcomes could identify outlying performance among hospitals with different annual caseloads.ResultsOverall and serious complications had the highest overall reliability, but this was heavily dependent on caseload. For example, among hospitals with the lowest caseloads (mean 56 cases/year), reliability for overall complications was 0.49 and 6.0% of hospitals had outlying performance. For hospitals with the highest caseloads (mean 298 cases/year), reliability for overall complications was 0.79 and 30.3% of hospitals had outlying performance. Reoperation had adequate reliability for hospitals with caseloads higher than 120 cases/year. Mortality had unacceptably low reliability regardless of hospital caseloads.ConclusionsOverall complications and serious complications have adequate reliability for distinguishing outlying performance with bariatric surgery, even for hospitals with low annual caseloads. Rare outcomes, such as reoperations, have inadequate reliability to inform peer-based comparisons for hospitals with low annual caseloads, and mortality has unacceptably low reliability for bariatric performance profiling.

Dataset Information

Personality trait associations with quality-of-life outcomes following bariatric surgery: a systematic review.

Background

Purpose

Method

Results

Conclusion

Publications

Personality trait associations with quality-of-life outcomes following bariatric surgery: a systematic review.

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