Project description:The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variant BA.2.86 has over 30 mutations in spike compared with BA.2 and XBB.1.5, which raised the possibility that BA.2.86 might evade neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) induced by vaccination or infection. In this study, we show that NAb titers are substantially lower to BA.2.86 compared with BA.2 but are similar or slightly higher than to other current circulating variants, including XBB.1.5, EG.5.1, and FL.1.5.1. Moreover, NAb titers against all these variants were higher in vaccinated individuals with a history of XBB.1.5 infection compared with vaccinated individuals with no history of XBB.1.5 infection, suggesting the potential utility of the monovalent XBB.1.5 mRNA boosters.

| S-EPMC10842519 | biostudies-literature

Protection against Reinfection with the Omicron BA.2.75 Subvariant.

Project description: Not available

| S-EPMC9878583 | biostudies-literature

Neutralization of Omicron Subvariant BA.2.75 after Bivalent Vaccination.

Project description: Not available

| S-EPMC9730935 | biostudies-literature

Effects of BA.1/BA.2 subvariant, vaccination and prior infection on infectiousness of SARS-CoV-2 omicron infections.

Project description: Not available

| S-EPMC9213851 | biostudies-literature

Omicron BA.5 Neutralization among Vaccine-Boosted Persons with Prior Omicron BA.1/BA.2 Infections.

Project description:Worldwide, millions of persons have received multiple COVID-19 vaccinations and subsequently recovered from SARS-CoV-2 Omicron breakthrough infections. In 2 small, matched cohorts (n = 12, n = 24) in Denmark, we found Omicron BA.1/BA.2 breakthrough infection after 3-dose BNT162b2 vaccination provided improved Omicron BA.5 neutralization over 3-dose vaccination alone.

| S-EPMC9707601 | biostudies-literature

Protective effect of previous infection and vaccination against reinfection with BA.5 Omicron subvariant: a nationwide population-based study in Japan

Project description: Not available

| S-EPMC10786644 | biostudies-literature

Antigenic characterization of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron subvariant BA.4.6.

Project description: Not available

| S-EPMC9705283 | biostudies-literature

Antigenic characterization of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron subvariant BA.2.75.

Project description:The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Omicron subvariant BA.2.75 emerged recently and appears to be spreading. It has nine mutations in spike compared with the currently circulating BA.2, raising concerns that it may further evade vaccine-elicited and therapeutic antibodies. We found BA.2.75 to be moderately more neutralization resistant to sera from vaccinated/boosted individuals than BA.2 (1.8-fold), similar to BA.2.12.1 (1.1-fold), but more neutralization sensitive than BA.4/5 (0.6-fold). Relative to BA.2, BA.2.75 showed heightened resistance to class 1 and class 3 monoclonal antibodies targeting the spike-receptor-binding domain while gaining sensitivity to class 2 antibodies. Resistance was largely conferred by G446S and R460K mutations. BA.2.75 was slightly resistant (3.7-fold) to bebtelovimab, a therapeutic antibody with potent activity against all Omicron subvariants. BA.2.75 also exhibited a higher binding affinity to host receptor ACE2 than other Omicron subvariants. BA.2.75 provides further insight into SARS-CoV-2 evolution as it gains transmissibility while incrementally evading antibody neutralization.

| S-EPMC9444898 | biostudies-literature

Evolution and neutralization escape of the SARS-CoV-2 BA.2.86 subvariant.

Project description:Omicron BA.2.86 subvariant differs from Omicron BA.2 as well as recently circulating variants by over 30 mutations in the spike protein alone. Here we report on the isolation of the live BA.2.86 subvariant from a diagnostic swab collected in South Africa which we tested for escape from neutralizing antibodies and viral replication properties in cell culture. We found that BA.2.86 does not have significantly more escape relative to Omicron XBB.1.5 from neutralizing immunity elicited by either Omicron XBB-family subvariant infection or from residual neutralizing immunity of recently collected sera from the South African population. BA.2.86 does have extensive escape relative to ancestral virus with the D614G substitution (B.1 lineage) when neutralized by sera from pre-Omicron vaccinated individuals and relative to Omicron BA.1 when neutralized by sera from Omicron BA.1 infected individuals. BA.2.86 and XBB.1.5 show similar viral infection dynamics in the VeroE6-TMPRSS2 and H1299-ACE2 cell lines. We also investigate the relationship of BA.2.86 to BA.2 sequences. The closest BA.2 sequences are BA.2 samples from Southern Africa circulating in early 2022. Similarly, many basal BA.2.86 sequences were sampled in Southern Africa. This suggests that BA.2.86 potentially evolved in this region, and that unobserved evolution led to escape from neutralizing antibodies similar in scale to recently circulating strains of SARS-CoV-2.

| S-EPMC10700484 | biostudies-literature

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