Consumption and tax gains attributable to Covid-19 vaccinations in 12 EU countries with low vaccination rates.

ABSTRACT:

Background

The Covid-19 pandemic is an economic and a health crisis. Households reduced consumption expenditures as large-scale physical distancing measures, lower disposable incomes and fear of infection when engaging in many types of economic activity took hold. This, in turn, reduced domestic tax revenues at a time when governments were facing increased financial pressures to strengthen and sustain welfare states.

Methods

We developed a simulation model, the Covid-19 Taxination Simulator, to estimate potential economic gains and tax revenues attributable to vaccine rollouts. We apply the model to 12 European Union countries which had low vaccination rates at the beginning of 2022.

Results

The highest growth in aggregate personal consumption expenditure attributable

SUBMITTER: Cylus J 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10066489 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature