Dataset Information

The effects of secondary stressors, social identity, and social support on perceived stress and resilience: Findings from the COVID-19 pandemic.

ABSTRACT: Primary stressors are direct outcomes of extreme events (e.g., viruses, floodwater) whereas secondary stressors stem from pre-disaster life circumstances and societal arrangements (e.g., illness, problematic pre-disaster policies) or from inefficient responses to the extreme event. Secondary stressors can cause significant long-term damage to people affected but are also tractable and amenable to change. In this study we explored the association between secondary stressors, social identity processes, social support, and perceived stress and resilience. Pre-registered analyses of data from the COVIDiSTRESS Global Survey Round II (N = 14,600; 43 countries) show that secondary stressors are positively associated with perceived stress and negatively associated with resilience, even when controlling for the effects of primary stressors. Being a woman or having lower socioeconomic status (SES) is associated with higher exposure to secondary stressors, higher perceived stress, and lower resilience. Importantly, social identification is positively associated with expected support and with increased resilience and lower perceived stress. However, neither gender, SES, or social identification moderated the relationship between secondary stressors and perceived stress and resilience. In conclusion, systemic reforms and the availability of social support are paramount to reducing the effects of secondary stressors.

SUBMITTER: Ntontis E

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10079323 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

The effects of secondary stressors, social identity, and social support on perceived stress and resilience: Findings from the COVID-19 pandemic.

Ntontis Evangelos E Blackburn Angélique M AM Han Hyemin H Stöckli Sabrina S Milfont Taciano L TL Tuominen Jarno J Griffin Siobhán M SM Ikizer Gözde G Jeftic Alma A Chrona Stavroula S Nasheedha Aishath A Liutsko Liudmila L Vestergren Sara S

Journal of environmental psychology 20230406

Primary stressors are direct outcomes of extreme events (e.g., viruses, floodwater) whereas secondary stressors stem from pre-disaster life circumstances and societal arrangements (e.g., illness, problematic pre-disaster policies) or from inefficient responses to the extreme event. Secondary stressors can cause significant long-term damage to people affected but are also tractable and amenable to change. In this study we explored the association between secondary stressors, social identity proce ...[more]

PMID: 37041753

Similar Datasets

Project description:BackgroundWith the rapid spread of Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in China, police officers were undergoing higher job stress, which made them physically and mentally exhausted, eventually leading to job burnout. The research aims to explore the mediating role of social support, psychological resilience, and sleep quality in the relationship between perceived stress and burnout.MethodsData collection was based on multistage cluster random sampling of police in Wuhan, China, from June 2021 to October 2022. A self-administered questionnaire was adopted. Perceived stress, social support, resilience, sleep quality and job burnout were measured using international standard scales. Spearman correlation analysis was utilized to explore the correlation between various psychological conditions and job burnout. Cronbach's α coefficient methods and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were applied to check the scales' reliability and discriminant validity. The structural equation model (SEM) was performed to adjust the model fitting.Results2125 eligible participants were included. The job burnout score was 1.90, and 8.52% showed severe burnout. The Cronbach's α coefficients of the above scales were all ≥ 0.8. The goodness of fit test for the first-order and second-order models reached all fit indices standards in CFA. Police's burnout and its dimensions were correlated with sleep quality, perceived stress, and social support, except between burnout, emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and resilience. Parallel multiple mediations showed that social support, sleep quality, and resilience mediated the relationships between perceived stress and job burnout. The mediating effect of the three factors accounted for 6.72%, 55.39%, and - 7.14% of the total effect, respectively.ConclusionsPerceived stress affects burnout through mediating variables such as social support, sleep quality, and resilience. The mediating effect of sleep quality is the most potent.

Project description:BackgroundHigh levels of perceived stress have a negative bearing on health and well-being, and stress is a major public health issue. According to the Stress Process Model, stressors are socially patterned and combine to produce strain. Despite this, most studies on stress have focused on work-related stressors leaving non-work determinants under-investigated. The aim of the present study was to determine the relative importance of work-related and non-work-related stressors and perceived social support for the overall perceived stress level.MethodsSelf-reported data were drawn from the 2017 population-based health survey "How are you?" conducted in the Central Denmark Region (N = 32,417). Data were linked with data drawn from national administrative registers. Work- and non-work-related stressors assessed included major life events, chronic stressors and daily hassles. Perceived social support was assessed using a single question. Overall perceived stress was assessed by the 10-item Perceived Stress Scale. We conducted dominance analyses based on a multiple linear regression model to determine the most important explanatory variables of overall perceived stress. Analyses were weighted and adjusted.ResultsWork- and non-work-related stressors along with perceived social support explained 42.5% of the total variance (R2) in overall perceived stress. The most important explanatory variables were disease, perceived social support and work situation. The stratified analyses produced slightly varying results ("dominance profiles") of perceived stress between subgroups. Work situation was the most important explanatory variable in the employed group. However, adding non-work-related explanatory variables to the analysis tripled the explained variance.ConclusionsThe overall level of perceived stress can be statistically explained by a combination of work- and non-work-related stressors and perceived social support both at population level and in subgroups. The most important explanatory variables of overall perceived stress are disease, perceived social support and work situation. Results indicate that public health strategies aiming to reduce stress should take a comprehensive approach and address a variety of stressor domains rather than focus on a single domain.Trial registrationThe study was approved by the Danish Data Protection Agency (r. no. 2012-58-0006) and registered in the Central Denmark Region (r. no. 1-16-02-593-16).

Dataset Information

The effects of secondary stressors, social identity, and social support on perceived stress and resilience: Findings from the COVID-19 pandemic.

Publications

The effects of secondary stressors, social identity, and social support on perceived stress and resilience: Findings from the COVID-19 pandemic.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets