Family functioning and nicotine dependence among smoking fathers: a cross-sectional study.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Nicotine dependence is a significant public health issue, and understanding the factors associated with nicotine dependence in this population is crucial for developing effective interventions. This study examined the association between family functioning and nicotine dependence levels of smoking fathers based on the McMaster model of family functioning (MMFF), providing evidence for future interventions.

Methods

In this study, we selected fathers of first- to fifth-grade students from 10 pilot elementary schools in Qingdao whose families smoked. We used the Fagerstrom test to assess nicotine dependence and the Family Assessment Device to evaluate family functioning. We performed univariate analysis to compare differences among those with different levels of nico

SUBMITTER: Guo Y 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10080741 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature