The role of oestrogen in determining sexual dimorphism in energy balance.

ABSTRACT: Energy balance is determined by caloric intake and the rate at which energy is expended, with the latter comprising resting energy expenditure, physical activity and adaptive thermogenesis. The regulation of both energy intake and expenditure exhibits clear sexual dimorphism, with young women being relatively protected against weight gain and the development of cardiometabolic diseases. Preclinical studies have indicated that females are more sensitive to the satiety effects of leptin and insulin compared to males. Furthermore, females have greater thermogenic activity than males, whereas resting energy expenditure is generally higher in males than females. In addition to this, in post-menopausal women, the decline in sex steroid concentration, particularly in oestrogen, is associated with

SUBMITTER: De Jesus AN 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10092637 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature