Dataset Information

Histo-Blood Group Antigen Null Phenotypes Associated With a Decreased Risk of Clinical Rotavirus Vaccine Failure Among Children <2 Years of Age Participating in the Vaccine Impact on Diarrhea in Africa (VIDA) Study in Kenya, Mali, and the Gambia.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Previously studied risk factors for rotavirus vaccine failure have not fully explained reduced rotavirus vaccine effectiveness in low-income settings. We assessed the relationship between histo-blood group antigen (HBGA) phenotypes and clinical rotavirus vaccine failure among children <2 years of age participating in the Vaccine Impact on Diarrhea in Africa Study in 3 sub-Saharan African countries.

Methods

Saliva was collected and tested for HBGA phenotype in children who received rotavirus vaccine. The association between secretor and Lewis phenotypes and rotavirus vaccine failure was examined overall and by infecting rotavirus genotype using conditional logistic regression in 218 rotavirus-positive cases with moderate-to-severe diarrhea and 297 matched healthy controls.

Results

Both nonsecretor and Lewis-negative phenotypes (null phenotypes) were associated with decreased rotavirus vaccine failure across all sites (matched odds ratio, 0.30 [95% confidence interval: 0.16-0.56] or 0.39 [0.25-0.62], respectively]. A similar decrease in risk against rotavirus vaccine failure among null HBGA phenotypes was observed for cases with P[8] and P[4] infection and their matched controls. While we found no statistically significant association between null HBGA phenotypes and vaccine failure among P[6] infections, the matched odds ratio point estimate for Lewis-negative individuals was >4.

Conclusions

Our study demonstrated a significant relationship between null HBGA phenotypes and decreased rotavirus vaccine failure in a population with P[8] as the most common infecting genotype. Further studies are needed in populations with a large burden of P[6] rotavirus diarrhea to understand the role of host genetics in reduced rotavirus vaccine effectiveness.

SUBMITTER: Schwartz LM

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10116560 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Histo-Blood Group Antigen Null Phenotypes Associated With a Decreased Risk of Clinical Rotavirus Vaccine Failure Among Children <2 Years of Age Participating in the Vaccine Impact on Diarrhea in Africa (VIDA) Study in Kenya, Mali, and the Gambia.

Schwartz Lauren M LM Oshinsky Jennifer J Reymann Mardi M Esona Mathew D MD Bowen Michael D MD Jahangir Hossain M M Zaman Syed M A SMA Jones Joquina Chiquita M JCM Antonio Martin M Badji Henry H Sarwar Golam G Sow Samba O SO Sanogo Doh D Keita Adama Mamby AM Tamboura Boubou B Traoré Awa A Onwuchekwa Uma U Omore Richard R Verani Jennifer R JR Awuor Alex O AO Ochieng John B JB Juma Jane J Ogwel Billy B Parashar Umesh D UD Tate Jacqueline E JE Kasumba Irene N IN Tennant Sharon M SM Neuzil Kathleen M KM Rowhani-Rahbar Ali A Elizabeth Halloran M M Atmar Robert L RL Pasetti Marcela F MF Kotloff Karen L KL

Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America 20230401 76 Suppl1

<h4>Background</h4>Previously studied risk factors for rotavirus vaccine failure have not fully explained reduced rotavirus vaccine effectiveness in low-income settings. We assessed the relationship between histo-blood group antigen (HBGA) phenotypes and clinical rotavirus vaccine failure among children <2 years of age participating in the Vaccine Impact on Diarrhea in Africa Study in 3 sub-Saharan African countries.<h4>Methods</h4>Saliva was collected and tested for HBGA phenotype in children w ...[more]

PMID: 37074435

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Dataset Information

Histo-Blood Group Antigen Null Phenotypes Associated With a Decreased Risk of Clinical Rotavirus Vaccine Failure Among Children <2 Years of Age Participating in the Vaccine Impact on Diarrhea in Africa (VIDA) Study in Kenya, Mali, and the Gambia.

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Histo-Blood Group Antigen Null Phenotypes Associated With a Decreased Risk of Clinical Rotavirus Vaccine Failure Among Children <2 Years of Age Participating in the Vaccine Impact on Diarrhea in Africa (VIDA) Study in Kenya, Mali, and the Gambia.

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