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Assessing the effectiveness of oxathiapiprolin toward Phytophthora agathidicida, the causal agent of kauri dieback disease.

ABSTRACT: Phytophthora species cause disease and devastation of plants in ecological and horticultural settings worldwide. A recently identified species, Phytophthoraagathidicida, infects and ultimately kills the treasured kauri trees (Agathis australis) that are endemic to New Zealand. Currently, there are few options for managing kauri dieback disease. In this study, we sought to assess the efficacy of the oomycide oxathiapiprolin against several life cycle stages of two geographically distinct P. agathidicida isolates. The effective concentration to inhibit 50% of mycelial growth (EC₅₀) was determined to be ∼0.1 ng/ml, indicating that P. agathidicida mycelia are more sensitive to oxathiapiprolin than those from most other Phytophthora species that have been studied. Oxathiapiprolin was also highly effective at inhibiting the germination of zoospores (EC₅₀ = 2-9 ng/ml for the two isolates) and oospores (complete inhibition at 100 ng/ml). In addition, oxathiapiprolin delayed the onset of detached kauri leaf infection in a dose-dependent manner. Collectively, the results presented here highlight the significant potential of oxathiapiprolin as a tool to aid in the control of kauri dieback disease.

SUBMITTER: Lacey RF

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10117877 | biostudies-literature | 2021

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Assessing the effectiveness of oxathiapiprolin toward Phytophthora agathidicida, the causal agent of kauri dieback disease.

Lacey Randy F RF Fairhurst Michael J MJ Daley Kaitlyn J KJ Ngata-Aerengamate Te Amohaere TA Patterson Haileigh R HR Patrick Wayne M WM Gerth Monica L ML

FEMS microbes 20211118

Phytophthora species cause disease and devastation of plants in ecological and horticultural settings worldwide. A recently identified species, Phytophthoraagathidicida, infects and ultimately kills the treasured kauri trees (Agathis australis) that are endemic to New Zealand. Currently, there are few options for managing kauri dieback disease. In this study, we sought to assess the efficacy of the oomycide oxathiapiprolin against several life cycle stages of two geog ...[more]

PMID: 37334227

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Project description:Tree diseases constitute a significant threat to biodiversity worldwide. Pathogen discovery in natural habitats is of vital importance to understanding current and future threats and prioritising efforts towards developing disease management strategies. Ash dieback is a fungal disease of major conservational concern that is infecting common ash trees, Fraxinus excelsior, in Europe. The disease is caused by a non-native fungal pathogen, Hymenoscyphus fraxineus. Other dieback causing-species have not previously been identified in the genus Hymenoscyphus. Here, we discover the pathogenicity potential of two newly identified related species of Asian origin, H. koreanus and H. occultus, and one Europe-native related species, H. albidus. We sequence the genomes of all three Hymenoscyphus species and compare them to that of H. fraxineus. Phylogenetic analysis of core eukaryotic genes identified H. albidus and H. koreanus as sister species, whilst H. occultus diverged prior to these and H. fraxineus. All four Hymenoscyphus genomes are of comparable size (55-62 Mbp) and GC contents (42-44%) and encode for polymorphic secretomes. Surprisingly, 1133 predicted secreted proteins are shared between the ash dieback pathogen H. fraxineus and the three related Hymenoscyphus endophytes. Amongst shared secreted proteins are cell death-inducing effector candidates, such as necrosis, and ethylene-inducing peptide 1-like proteins, Nep1-like proteins, that are upregulated during in planta growth of all Hymenoscyphus species. Indeed, pathogenicity tests showed that all four related Hymenoscyphus species develop pathogenic growth on European ash stems, with native H. albidus being the least virulent. Our results identify the threat Hymenoscypohus species pose to the survival of European ash trees, and highlight the importance of promoting pathogen surveillance in environmental landscapes. Identifying new pathogens and including them in the screening for durable immunity of common ash trees is key to the long-term survival of ash in Europe.

Dataset Information

Assessing the effectiveness of oxathiapiprolin toward Phytophthora agathidicida, the causal agent of kauri dieback disease.

Publications

Assessing the effectiveness of oxathiapiprolin toward <i>Phytophthora agathidicida</i>, the causal agent of kauri dieback disease.

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