Regulation of phospholipid distribution in the lipid bilayer by flippases and scramblases.

ABSTRACT: Cellular membranes function as permeability barriers that separate cells from the external environment or partition cells into distinct compartments. These membranes are lipid bilayers composed of glycerophospholipids, sphingolipids and cholesterol, in which proteins are embedded. Glycerophospholipids and sphingolipids freely move laterally, whereas transverse movement between lipid bilayers is limited. Phospholipids are asymmetrically distributed between membrane leaflets but change their location in biological processes, serving as signalling molecules or enzyme activators. Designated proteins - flippases and scramblases - mediate this lipid movement between the bilayers. Flippases mediate the confined localization of specific phospholipids (phosphatidylserine (PtdSer) and phosphatidylet

SUBMITTER: Sakuragi T 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10134735 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature