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A visual opsin from jellyfish enables precise temporal control of G protein signalling.

ABSTRACT: Phototransduction is mediated by distinct types of G protein cascades in different animal taxa: bilateral invertebrates typically utilise the Gαq pathway whereas vertebrates typically utilise the Gαt(i/o) pathway. By contrast, photoreceptors in jellyfish (Cnidaria) utilise the Gαs intracellular pathway, similar to olfactory transduction in mammals¹. How this habitually slow pathway has adapted to support dynamic vision in jellyfish remains unknown. Here we study a light-sensing protein (rhodopsin) from the box jellyfish Carybdea rastonii and uncover a mechanism that dramatically speeds up phototransduction: an uninterrupted G protein-coupled receptor - G protein complex. Unlike known G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), this rhodopsin constitutively binds a single downstream Gαs partner to enable G-protein activation and inactivation within tens of milliseconds. We use this GPCR in a viral gene therapy to restore light responses in blind mice.

SUBMITTER: van Wyk M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10147646 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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A visual opsin from jellyfish enables precise temporal control of G protein signalling.

van Wyk Michiel M Kleinlogel Sonja S

Nature communications 20230428 1

Phototransduction is mediated by distinct types of G protein cascades in different animal taxa: bilateral invertebrates typically utilise the Gαq pathway whereas vertebrates typically utilise the Gαt(i/o) pathway. By contrast, photoreceptors in jellyfish (Cnidaria) utilise the Gαs intracellular pathway, similar to olfactory transduction in mammals<sup>1</sup>. How this habitually slow pathway has adapted to support dynamic vision in jellyfish remains unknown. Here we study a light-sensing protei ...[more]

PMID: 37117224

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