Catalytically Active Snake Venom PLA₂ Enzymes: An Overview of Its Elusive Mechanisms of Reaction.

ABSTRACT: Snake venom-secreted phospholipase A₂ (svPLA₂) enzymes, both catalytically active and inactive, are a central component in envenoming. These are responsible for disrupting the cell membrane's integrity, inducing a wide range of pharmacological effects, such as the necrosis of the bitten limb, cardiorespiratory arrest, edema, and anticoagulation. Although extensively characterized, the reaction mechanisms of enzymatic svPLA₂ are still to be thoroughly understood. This review presents and analyses the most plausible reaction mechanisms for svPLA_2, such as the "single-water mechanism" or the "assisted-water mechanism" initially proposed for the homologous human PLA₂. All of the mechanistic possibilities are characterized by a highly conse

SUBMITTER: Castro-Amorim J 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10150362 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature