Biological therapy in systemic lupus erythematosus, antiphospholipid syndrome, and Sjogren's syndrome: evidence- and practice-based guidance.

ABSTRACT: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), antiphospholipid syndrome (APS), and Sjögren's syndrome (SS) are heterogeneous autoimmune diseases. Severe manifestations and refractory/intolerance to conventional immunosuppressants demand other options, namely biological drugs, and small molecules. We aimed to define evidence and practice-based guidance for the off-label use of biologics in SLE, APS, and SS. Recommendations were made by an independent expert panel, following a comprehensive literature review and two consensus rounds. The panel included 17 internal medicine experts with recognized practice in autoimmune disease management. The literature review was systematic from 2014 until 2019 and later updated by cross-reference checking and experts' input until 2021. Preliminary recommendations we

SUBMITTER: Marinho A 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10150407 | biostudies-literature | 2023

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature