Dataset Information

The effects of an exercise intervention on executive function among overweight adults with obstructive sleep apnea.

ABSTRACT:

Purpose

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with poorer executive function. This study examined the effects of a comprehensive exercise intervention on executive function in overweight adults with mild and moderate-to-severe OSA.

Methods

Participants aged between 30 and 65 years, with a body mass index (BMI) ranging from 27 to 42 kg/m^2, participated in a 6-week exercise program. Standardized polysomnographic recording methods provided total Apnea-Hypopnea Index (AHI) and level of hypoxemia. Executive function was assessed using the NIH Toolbox Flanker Inhibitory Control Test. A submaximal treadmill exercise test evaluated cardiorespiratory fitness. Participants with baseline total AHI between 5 and 14.9 events/h were classified as mild OSA and participants with baseline total AHI 15 ≥ events/h were classified as moderate-to-severe OSA.

Results

Fifteen participants completed 18 exercise sessions. Significant differences between OSA categories at baseline were observed for sleep characteristics, but not for fitness or executive function. Wilcoxon Signed Rank Tests showed significant increases in median values for the Flanker Test in the moderate-to-severe category only, z = 2.429, p < .015, η² = .737.

Conclusion

Six weeks of exercise improved executive function in overweight individuals with moderate-to-severe OSA, but not in those with mild OSA.

SUBMITTER: Kubitz KA

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10156005 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

The effects of an exercise intervention on executive function among overweight adults with obstructive sleep apnea.

Kubitz Karla A KA Park Hyunjeong H Patil Susheel P SP Papandreou Christopher C Dobrosielski Devon A DA

Sleep and biological rhythms 20221121 2

<h4>Purpose</h4>Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with poorer executive function. This study examined the effects of a comprehensive exercise intervention on executive function in overweight adults with mild and moderate-to-severe OSA.<h4>Methods</h4>Participants aged between 30 and 65 years, with a body mass index (BMI) ranging from 27 to 42 kg/m<sup>2,</sup> participated in a 6-week exercise program. Standardized polysomnographic recording methods provided total Apnea-Hypopnea Index ...[more]

PMID: 37143578

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Project description:ImportanceGood sleep is essential for health, yet associations between sleep and dementia risk remain incompletely understood. The Sleep and Dementia Consortium was established to study associations between polysomnography (PSG)-derived sleep and the risk of dementia and related cognitive and brain magnetic resonance imaging endophenotypes.ObjectiveTo investigate association of sleep architecture and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) with cognitive function in the Sleep and Dementia Consortium.Design, setting, and participantsThe Sleep and Dementia Consortium curated data from 5 population-based cohorts across the US with methodologically consistent, overnight, home-based type II PSG and neuropsychological assessments over 5 years of follow-up: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study, Cardiovascular Health Study, Framingham Heart Study (FHS), Osteoporotic Fractures in Men Study, and Study of Osteoporotic Fractures. Sleep metrics were harmonized centrally and then distributed to participating cohorts for cohort-specific analysis using linear regression; study-level estimates were pooled in random effects meta-analyses. Results were adjusted for demographic variables, the time between PSG and neuropsychological assessment (0-5 years), body mass index, antidepressant use, and sedative use. There were 5946 participants included in the pooled analyses without stroke or dementia. Data were analyzed from March 2020 to June 2023.ExposuresMeasures of sleep architecture and OSA derived from in-home PSG.Main outcomes and measuresThe main outcomes were global cognitive composite z scores derived from principal component analysis, with cognitive domains investigated as secondary outcomes. Higher scores indicated better performance.ResultsAcross cohorts, 5946 adults (1875 females [31.5%]; mean age range, 58-89 years) were included. The median (IQR) wake after sleep onset time ranged from 44 (27-73) to 101 (66-147) minutes, and the prevalence of moderate to severe OSA ranged from 16.9% to 28.9%. Across cohorts, higher sleep maintenance efficiency (pooled β per 1% increase, 0.08; 95% CI, 0.03 to 0.14; P < .01) and lower wake after sleep onset (pooled β per 1-min increase, -0.07; 95% CI, -0.13 to -0.01 per 1-min increase; P = .02) were associated with better global cognition. Mild to severe OSA (apnea-hypopnea index [AHI] ≥5) was associated with poorer global cognition (pooled β, -0.06; 95% CI, -0.11 to -0.01; P = .01) vs AHI less than 5; comparable results were found for moderate to severe OSA (pooled β, -0.06; 95% CI, -0.11 to -0.01; P = .02) vs AHI less than 5. Differences in sleep stages were not associated with cognition.Conclusions and relevanceThis study found that better sleep consolidation and the absence of OSA were associated with better global cognition over 5 years of follow-up. These findings suggest that the role of interventions to improve sleep for maintaining cognitive function requires investigation.

Project description:BackgroundObstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common disorder that affects approximately 1 billion people worldwide. Advanced age is a significant risk factor. Various treatment options have been explored to reduce the severity of OSA symptoms and physical exercise has emerged as a potential alternative therapy. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the effects of a combined exercise program with sleep education on sleep quality and on the severity of OSA in older adults.MethodsThis is a randomized clinical trial with two parallel groups that will involve individuals of both genders aged between 60 and 79 years who have an apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) of more than 15 events per hour and who have not received or are currently undergoing treatment for OSA. Older adults who have engaged in regular exercise in the last six months and individuals with contraindications to exercise will be excluded. The study will assess outcomes related to OSA, including AHI, oxygen desaturation index, minimum and mean oxyhemoglobin saturation, sleep efficiency, sleep latency, and the type of respiratory events. Additionally, sleep quality-related outcomes, daytime sleepiness, physical activity, physical fitness, aerobic capacity, cognitive status, anthropometric measures, and health-related quality of life will be analyzed. Participants will be randomized to two groups: a combined exercise group (involving both resistance and aerobic training) with sleep education, and a control group that will receive only educational recommendations for managing OSA. The intervention will last 12 weeks and will consist of three sessions per week, totaling 36 exercise sessions. Sample size calculation indicates a minimum number of 36 participants.DiscussionIf the hypothesis is confirmed, this clinical trial will indicate an effective non-pharmacological intervention for treating OSA in older adults. This intervention could be used as an adjunct to existing approaches designed to improve OSA management.Clinical trail registrationBrazil Clinical Trials Registry (ReBEC), identifier RBR-9hk6pgz.

Dataset Information

The effects of an exercise intervention on executive function among overweight adults with obstructive sleep apnea.

Purpose

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Publications

The effects of an exercise intervention on executive function among overweight adults with obstructive sleep apnea.

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