Proteinuria Modifies the Relationship Between Urinary Sodium Excretion and Adverse Kidney Outcomes: Findings From KNOW-CKD.

ABSTRACT:

Introduction

High sodium intake is associated with increased proteinuria. Herein, we investigated whether proteinuria could modify the association between urinary sodium excretion and adverse kidney outcomes in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Methods

In this prospective observational cohort study, we included 967 participants with CKD stages G1 to G5 between 2011 and 2016, who measured 24-hour urinary sodium and protein excretion at baseline. The main predictors were urinary sodium and protein excretion levels. The primary outcome was CKD progression, which was defined as a ≥50% decline in the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) or the onset of kidney replacement therapy.

Results

During a median follow-up period of 4.1 years, the primary outcome ev

SUBMITTER: Kim HJ 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10166734 | biostudies-literature | 2023 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature