Dataset Information

Associations between Sleep and Body Composition in Older Women and the Potential Role of Physical Function.

ABSTRACT:

Purpose

The relationship between sleep and adiposity in older women remains unclear partly due to the reliance of body mass index as a measure of adiposity. The purpose of this study was to investigate associations between objectively measured sleep characteristics and body composition measured by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) in older women. A secondary purpose was to examine if physical function mediates this relationship.

Methods

Non-obese older women (ages 60-75 years, n=102) were included in the study. Total sleep time (TST), time in bed (TIB), sleep efficiency (SE), and wake after sleep onset (WASO) were determined by actigraphy. A battery of tests was used to assess physical function.

Results

With adjustment for age, there was a negative association between TST and TIB with lean mass. Both grip strength and dominant leg extension were associated with TST, TIB, and lean mass; the associations between TST and TIB with lean mass were lost after adjusting for grip strength or leg extension strength. Additionally, SE was negatively associated with total, gynoid, and trunk lean mass, and there was a positive association between TST and percent trunk fat, and WASO and gynoid lean mass, with age adjusted.

Conclusions

Sleep characteristics, TST, TIB, SE, and WASO, were associated body composition measures in this sample of older women. The relationship between TST and TIB with body composition was mediated, in part, by grip strength and leg extension strength.

SUBMITTER: Kishman EE

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10168679 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Associations between Sleep and Body Composition in Older Women and the Potential Role of Physical Function.

Kishman Erin E EE Breneman Charity B CB Sparks Joshua R JR Wang Xuewen X

Sleep and biological rhythms 20221111 2

<h4>Purpose</h4>The relationship between sleep and adiposity in older women remains unclear partly due to the reliance of body mass index as a measure of adiposity. The purpose of this study was to investigate associations between objectively measured sleep characteristics and body composition measured by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) in older women. A secondary purpose was to examine if physical function mediates this relationship.<h4>Methods</h4>Non-obese older women (ages 60-75 years ...[more]

PMID: 37193097

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Project description:BackgroundChronic low-grade inflammation has been suggested as one of the key elements in the development of sarcopenia, but in contrast to disease-related loss of muscle mass, the role of chronic low-grade inflammation in age-related (primary) sarcopenia is still not clear. The aim of this study was to investigate low-grade inflammation in relation to age and the potential association between inflammatory biomarkers and body composition, muscle strength and physical performance in a healthy Danish cohort.MethodsThere were 1160 generally healthy men and women (range: 22-93 years) included. Appendicular lean mass (ALM) and visceral fat normalized to height (kg/m2 ) was assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (iDXA, GE Lunar). Muscle strength and physical performance were evaluated by handgrip strength (HGS), 30 s sit-to-stand performance, and maximal gait speed (GS). Systemic levels of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, IL-4, IL-13, and IFN-γ were measured using multiplex bead-based immunoassays (Bio-Rad). hsCRP was assessed using latex particle-enhanced immunoturbidimetric assays (Roche Diagnostics).ResultsWith age, ALM/h2 , HGS, sit-to-stand performance and GS decreased, whereas visceral fat/h2 increased in both men and women (P < 0.05). Systemic levels of hsCRP, TNF-α, IL-4, and IFN-γ increased with age in men and women (P < 0.05), while IL-1β increased in women only (P < 0.01). Higher levels of hsCRP were associated with lower ALM/h2 in elderly (≥65 years) men and women (P < 0.001). Higher levels of hsCRP were associated with lower handgrip strength in elderly women (P < 0.05) whereas higher levels of hsCRP was not associated with lower HGS in elderly men (P = 0.056). Higher levels of hsCRP were associated with lower GS (P < 0.05), whereas IFN-γ was positively associated with GS in elderly women (P < 0.05), but not elderly men. Visceral fat index was positively associated with hsCRP in elderly men and women (P < 0.001). Compared with elderly with normal HGS, elderly men and women with low HGS displayed higher levels of TNF-α and hsCRP (P < 0.05).ConclusionsWith age, systemic levels of hsCRP, TNF-α, IL-4, and IFN-γ increased, with hsCRP and TNF-α being especially elevated in more physically frail elderly supporting the association between low-grade systemic inflammation and poor physical function. In contrast, only high levels of hsCRP were weakly associated with low muscle mass and positively associated with visceral fat and low physical function, suggesting that chronic low-grade inflammation is not the main driver of age-related loss of muscle mass as previously suggested.

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Project description:BackgroundKnee pain is studied mostly in older age groups, although in young adults it may be an indicator of future impaired musculoskeletal health. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the longitudinal association between knee pain and thigh muscle strength in young adult women and to explore the associations between muscle strength, body composition, physical activity and knee pain.MethodsThe PEAK-25 cohort consists of women aged 25 at baseline (N=1064). At the 10-year follow-up n=728 attended for DXA-measured body composition and muscle strength assessment and n=797 answered the questionnaire on health and lifestyle. Independent samples t-test was used to compare women with and without knee pain, Spearman correlation was used to test the longitudinal association between strength and knee pain.ResultsKnee pain was reported by one third of the women at follow-up (n=260, 33%), although physical activity levels were similar in those with and without pain (high level 50 vs 45 % (p= 0.18). Body composition differed, however. Women with knee pain had higher BMI (25.6 vs 24.1), fat mass index (9.2 vs 8.2) and % total body fat mass (34.7 vs 33.2). Simultaneously, they had lower % lean mass (total body 61.5 vs 62.8; legs 20.6 vs 21.0) and lower thigh muscle strength (extensors 184.9 vs 196.8, flexors 96.6 vs 100.9, p<0.05), but slightly higher hamstrings-to -quadriceps ratio (0.53 vs 0.51, p=0.04). Muscle strength at baseline weakly correlated with knee pain at follow-up (extensor rs= -0.04; flexor -0.02, p>0.2). Overweight women had higher absolute thigh muscle strength, but lower weight-adjusted strength than normal weight women (p<0.001). Leg lean mass explained 26-34% of the variation in muscle strength and adjustment for physical activity level had little effect.ConclusionKnee pain is already common among women in their mid-thirties. Lower thigh muscle strength in the mid-twenties was not associated with future knee pain, however women with knee pain tended to have lower thigh muscle strength and a body composition of higher body fat combined with lower lean mass. Maintaining a healthy body composition and adequate thigh muscle strength may be beneficial for knee joint health.

Dataset Information

Associations between Sleep and Body Composition in Older Women and the Potential Role of Physical Function.

Purpose

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Associations between Sleep and Body Composition in Older Women and the Potential Role of Physical Function.

Similar Datasets

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