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A comprehensive health effects assessment of the use of sanitizers and disinfectants during COVID-19 pandemic: a global survey.

ABSTRACT: COVID-19 has affected all aspects of human life so far. From the outset of the pandemic, preventing the spread of COVID-19 through the observance of health protocols, especially the use of sanitizers and disinfectants was given more attention. Despite the effectiveness of disinfection chemicals in controlling and preventing COVID-19, there are critical concerns about their adverse effects on human health. This study aims to assess the health effects of sanitizers and disinfectants on a global scale. A total of 91,056 participants from 154 countries participated in this cross-sectional study. Information on the use of sanitizers and disinfectants and health was collected using an electronic questionnaire, which was translated into 26 languages via web-based platforms. The findings of this study suggest that detergents, alcohol-based substances, and chlorinated compounds emerged as the most prevalent chemical agents compared to other sanitizers and disinfectants examined. Most frequently reported health issues include skin effects and respiratory effects. The Chi-square test showed a significant association between chlorinated compounds (sodium hypochlorite and per-chlorine) with all possible health effects under investigation (p-value <0.001). Examination of risk factors based on multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that alcohols and alcohols-based materials were associated with skin effects (OR, 1.98; 95%CI, 1.87-2.09), per-chlorine was associated with eye effects (OR, 1.83; 95%CI, 1.74-1.93), and highly likely with itching and throat irritation (OR, 2.00; 95%CI, 1.90-2.11). Furthermore, formaldehyde was associated with a higher prevalence of neurological effects (OR, 2.17; 95%CI, 1.92-2.44). Furthermore, formaldehyde was associated with a higher prevalence of neurological effects (OR, 2.17; 95%CI, 1.92-2.44). The use of sodium hypochlorite and per-chlorine also had a high chance of having respiratory effects. The findings of the current study suggest that health authorities need to implement more awareness programs about the side effects of using sanitizers and disinfectants during viral epidemics especially when they are used or overused.

SUBMITTER: Hashemi F

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10173232 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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A comprehensive health effects assessment of the use of sanitizers and disinfectants during COVID-19 pandemic: a global survey.

Hashemi Fallah F Hoepner Lori L Hamidinejad Farahnaz Soleimani FS Haluza Daniela D Afrashteh Sima S Abbasi Alireza A Omeragić Elma E Imamović Belma B Rasheed Narin A NA Taher Taqi M J TMJ Kurniasari Fitri F Wazqar Dhuha Youssef DY Apalı Özge Ceren ÖC Yildirim Ayca Demir AD Zhao Bo B Kalikyan Zaruhi Z Guo Cui C Valbuena Andrea Chong AC Mititelu Magdalena M Pando Carolina Martínez CM Saridi Maria M Toska Aikaterini A Cuba Magalys Lopez ML Kwadzokpui Precious Kwablah PK Tadele Niguse N Nasibova Tohfa T Harsch Stefanie S Munkh-Erdene Luvsan L Menawi Wafaa W Evangelou Efi E Dimova Antoniya A Marinov Dimitar D Dimitrova Teodora T Shalimova Anna A Fouly Howieda H Suraya Anna A da Silva Faquim Juliana Pereira JP Oumayma Bouadil B Annunziato Maria Antonieta MA Lalo Rezarta R Papastavrou Evridiki E Ade Anju D AD Caminada Susanna S Stojkov Svetlana S Narvaez Carmen Gloria CG Mudau Lutendo Sylvia LS Rassas Ines I Michel Daphnee D Kaynar Nur Sema NS Iqbal Sehar S Elshwekh Halla H Hossain Irin I Al-Fayyadh Sadeq S Sydorchuk Aniuta A Alnusairat Dua'a M H DMH Abdullahi Asli Mohamed AM Iqbal Neelam N Pandey Apsara A Gómez-Gómez Brenda B Akyildiz Aysenur Gunaydin AG Morosan Elena E Dwarica Daniella D Dorj Gantuya G Hasan Sumaya Yusuf SY Al-Shdayfat Noha M NM Knezevic Bojana B Valladares Wendy W Severi Cecilia C Fuentes Sofia Cuba SC Augusto Sofia S Sidorova Elizaveta E Moelyaningrum Anita Dewi AD Alawad Tafaul T Khalid Atiqa A Elehamer Nafisa M K NMK Mihaylova Anna A Tsigengagel Oxana O Menouni Aziza A Wojtecka Agnieszka A Hod Rozita R Idayat Yusuf Banke YB Othman Khadija K Harfouch Rim M RM Paunov Tsonco T Omar Meruyert M Benderli Nana Christine NC Nurika Globila G Amjad Sana S Elnoamany Salma S Elesrigy Fatma F Shaban Marwa Mamdouh MM Acevedo-López Doménica D Kartashova Maria M Khalaf Atika A Jaafar Sabah Abdullah SA Kadhim Taisir A TA Hweissa Nada Ab NA Teng Yulong Y Mohammed Fatima E FE Sasikumar Thayahlini T Hikaambo Christabel Nangandu CN Kharat Aditi A Lyamtseva Ulyana U Aldeeb Maya Arfan MA Pawlas Natalia N Khorolsuren Lkhagvasuren L Koonjul Roopeshwaree Pallavi RP Maïnassara Halima Boubacar HB Chahal Priyanka P Wangeci Rose W RW Kumar Ainur B AB Zamora-Corrales Irina I Gracy Stella S Mahamat Maimouna M Adamczyk Jakub J Rahman Haliza Abdul HA Matiashova Lolita L Elsherif Omneya Ezzat OE Alkhateeb Nazdar E NE Aleaga Yamilé Y Bahrami Shima S Al-Salihy Shaimaa Rahem SR Cabrera-Galeana Paula P Lalic-Popovic Mladena M Brown-Myrie Eugenie E Bhandari Divya D Mayaboti Cinderella Akbar CA Stanišić Svetlana S Pestic Sanda Kreitmayer SK Bektay Muhammed Yunus MY Al Sabbah Haleama H Hashemi Saber S Assia Bouchetara B Merritt Anne-Sophie AS Ramzi Zhian Z Baboolal Himawatee H Isstaif Juman J Shami Rula R Saad Rahma R Nyirongo Temwanani T Hoseini Mohammad M

Environmental science and pollution research international 20230511 28

COVID-19 has affected all aspects of human life so far. From the outset of the pandemic, preventing the spread of COVID-19 through the observance of health protocols, especially the use of sanitizers and disinfectants was given more attention. Despite the effectiveness of disinfection chemicals in controlling and preventing COVID-19, there are critical concerns about their adverse effects on human health. This study aims to assess the health effects of sanitizers and disinfectants on a global sc ...[more]

PMID: 37166731

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Project description:Anthropogenic carbon dioxide emissions are the main cause of global climate change. The COVID-19 pandemic has been one of the worst of its kind in the last century with regard to global deaths and, in the absence of any effective treatment, it led to governments worldwide mandating lock-down measures, as well as citizens voluntarily reducing non-essential trips and activities. In this study, the influence of decreased activity on CO2 emissions and on the economy was assessed. The US, EU-28, China and India, representing almost 60% of anthropogenic carbon emissions, were considered as reference entities and the trends were extrapolated to estimate the global impact. This study aimed to deduce initial estimates of anthropogenic CO2 emissions based on the available economic and industrial outputs and activity data, as they could not be directly measured. Sector-wise variations in emissions were modeled by assuming proportionality of the outputs/activities and the resulting emissions. A decline in road traffic was seen up to March 2020 and then a steady growth was observed, with the exception of China where road traffic started to recover by the end of January. The vast majority of passenger flights were grounded and, therefore, global air traffic plummeted by 43.7% from January to May 2020. A considerable drop in coal power production and the annual industrial growth rate was also observed. The overall economic decline led to a drop of 4.9% in annual global gross domestic product (GDP) for Q2 2020. The total global CO2 emissions reduction for January through April 2020 compared to the year before was estimated to be 1749 Mt. CO2 (14.3%) with a maximum contribution from the transportation sector (58.3% among total emissions by sector). Like other previous crises, if the economy rebounds as expected the reductions will be temporary. Long-term impacts can be minimized considering the business as well as lifestyle changes for travel, utilizing virtual structures created during this crisis, and switching to sustainable transportation.

Dataset Information

A comprehensive health effects assessment of the use of sanitizers and disinfectants during COVID-19 pandemic: a global survey.

Publications

A comprehensive health effects assessment of the use of sanitizers and disinfectants during COVID-19 pandemic: a global survey.

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