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Upscaled production of an ultramicroporous anion-exchange membrane enables long-term operation in electrochemical energy devices.

ABSTRACT: The lack of high-performance and substantial supply of anion-exchange membranes is a major obstacle to future deployment of relevant electrochemical energy devices. Here, we select two isomers (m-terphenyl and p-terphenyl) and balance their ratio to prepare anion-exchange membranes with well-connected and uniformly-distributed ultramicropores based on robust chemical structures. The anion-exchange membranes display high ion-conducting, excellent barrier properties, and stability exceeding 8000 h at 80 °C in alkali. The assembled anion-exchange membranes present a desirable combination of performance and durability in several electrochemical energy storage devices: neutral aqueous organic redox flow batteries (energy efficiency of 77.2% at 100 mA cm^-2, with negligible permeation of redox-active molecules over 1100 h), water electrolysis (current density of 5.4 A cm^-2 at 1.8 V, 90 °C, with durability over 3000 h), and fuel cells (power density of 1.61 W cm^-2 under a catalyst loading of 0.2 mg cm^-2, with open-circuit voltage durability test over 1000 h). As a demonstration of upscaled production, the anion-exchange membranes achieve roll-to-roll manufacturing with a width greater than 1000 mm.

SUBMITTER: Song W

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10175247 | biostudies-literature | 2023 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Upscaled production of an ultramicroporous anion-exchange membrane enables long-term operation in electrochemical energy devices.

Song Wanjie W Peng Kang K Xu Wei W Liu Xiang X Zhang Huaqing H Liang Xian X Ye Bangjiao B Zhang Hongjun H Yang Zhengjin Z Wu Liang L Ge Xiaolin X Xu Tongwen T

Nature communications 20230512 1

The lack of high-performance and substantial supply of anion-exchange membranes is a major obstacle to future deployment of relevant electrochemical energy devices. Here, we select two isomers (m-terphenyl and p-terphenyl) and balance their ratio to prepare anion-exchange membranes with well-connected and uniformly-distributed ultramicropores based on robust chemical structures. The anion-exchange membranes display high ion-conducting, excellent barrier properties, and stability exceeding 8000 h ...[more]

PMID: 37169752

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Project description:This Review provides an overview of the emerging concepts of catalysts, membranes, and membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs) for water electrolyzers with anion-exchange membranes (AEMs), also known as zero-gap alkaline water electrolyzers. Much of the recent progress is due to improvements in materials chemistry, MEA designs, and optimized operation conditions. Research on anion-exchange polymers (AEPs) has focused on the cationic head/backbone/side-chain structures and key properties such as ionic conductivity and alkaline stability. Several approaches, such as cross-linking, microphase, and organic/inorganic composites, have been proposed to improve the anion-exchange performance and the chemical and mechanical stability of AEMs. Numerous AEMs now exceed values of 0.1 S/cm (at 60-80 °C), although the stability specifically at temperatures exceeding 60 °C needs further enhancement. The oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is still a limiting factor. An analysis of thin-layer OER data suggests that NiFe-type catalysts have the highest activity. There is debate on the active-site mechanism of the NiFe catalysts, and their long-term stability needs to be understood. Addition of Co to NiFe increases the conductivity of these catalysts. The same analysis for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) shows carbon-supported Pt to be dominating, although PtNi alloys and clusters of Ni(OH)2 on Pt show competitive activities. Recent advances in forming and embedding well-dispersed Ru nanoparticles on functionalized high-surface-area carbon supports show promising HER activities. However, the stability of these catalysts under actual AEMWE operating conditions needs to be proven. The field is advancing rapidly but could benefit through the adaptation of new in situ techniques, standardized evaluation protocols for AEMWE conditions, and innovative catalyst-structure designs. Nevertheless, single AEM water electrolyzer cells have been operated for several thousand hours at temperatures and current densities as high as 60 °C and 1 A/cm2, respectively.

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Upscaled production of an ultramicroporous anion-exchange membrane enables long-term operation in electrochemical energy devices.

Publications

Upscaled production of an ultramicroporous anion-exchange membrane enables long-term operation in electrochemical energy devices.

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