Endotoxin content in neonatal formulas, fortification, and lactoferrin products: association with outcomes and guidance on acceptable limits.

ABSTRACT: While endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide) can be harmful and contribute to morbidity and mortality with Gram-negative sepsis or necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm infants, non-toxic amounts are produced as part of the neonatal microbiome and may be present in enteral nutrition and medications administered. The United States Food and Drug Administration has given guidance for endotoxin concentration limits for intravenous medications and fluids of 5 endotoxin units/kg/hour (120 endotoxin units/kg/day), but no guidance for amounts of endotoxin in enteral products. To determine baseline exposure to infants in the neonatal intensive care unit, we examined endotoxin content of enteral formulas and fortification used for preterm infants, as well as bovine lactoferrin products. We also examined endo

SUBMITTER: Kaufman DA 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10181959 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature