Dataset Information

Prevalence of Dementia in American Indians and Alaska Natives Compared to White, Black, and Hispanic Medicare Beneficiaries: Findings from the National Health and Aging Trends Study.

ABSTRACT:

Objective

To estimate the prevalence of dementia among American Indian and Alaska Native (AIAN) Medicare beneficiaries and compare the prevalence of dementia in AIANs and other racial and ethnic minority groups-non-Hispanic Blacks (NHBs) and Hispanics-with non-Hispanic Whites (NHWs) Medicare beneficiaries.

Methods

We used survey data from Round 5 of the National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS, 2015) (N = 7,449), a nationally representative study of Medicare beneficiaries ages 65 years and older. We used logistic regression to estimate the age- and sex-adjusted prevalence of dementia with 95% confidence intervals by race/ethnicity as well as prevalence differences between groups.

Results

The majority of participants were between 65 and 74 years old. Approximately half of them were female. NHWs had a prevalence of 5% for dementia, and AIAIs had a prevalence of 9%, four percentage points higher than NHWs (95%CI 1%, 11%). We estimated a similar difference in the prevalence of dementia in AIAN Medicare beneficiaries compared to NHBs.

Conclusion

While previous research has reported that AIANs share a similar or lower prevalence of dementia than NHWs, our findings suggest a potentially higher prevalence of dementia among AIAN Medicare beneficiaries. A relatively small number of AIAN resulted in wide confidence intervals for many of our associations. Future research should focus on recruiting a larger sample and on dementia prevalence and unique risk factors within and among AIAN tribes.

SUBMITTER: Moon HE

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10184505 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Prevalence of Dementia in American Indians and Alaska Natives Compared to White, Black, and Hispanic Medicare Beneficiaries: Findings from the National Health and Aging Trends Study.

Moon Heehyul E HE Kaholokula Joseph Keaweʻaimoku JK MacLehose Richard F RF Rote Sunshine M SM

Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities 20220616 4

<h4>Objective</h4>To estimate the prevalence of dementia among American Indian and Alaska Native (AIAN) Medicare beneficiaries and compare the prevalence of dementia in AIANs and other racial and ethnic minority groups-non-Hispanic Blacks (NHBs) and Hispanics-with non-Hispanic Whites (NHWs) Medicare beneficiaries.<h4>Methods</h4>We used survey data from Round 5 of the National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS, 2015) (N = 7,449), a nationally representative study of Medicare beneficiaries age ...[more]

PMID: 35710858

Similar Datasets

Project description:BackgroundIn the United States, the mortality burden of injury is higher among American Indians and Alaska Natives (AI/AN) than any other racial/ethnic group, and injury contributes to considerable medical costs, years of potential life lost (YPLL), and productivity loss among AI/AN.This study assessed the economic burden of injuries for AI/AN who are eligible for services through Indian Health Service, analyzing direct medical costs of injury for Indian Health Service's users and years of potential life lost (YPLL) and the value of productivity losses from injury deaths for AI/AN in the Indian Health Service population.MethodsInjury-related lifetime medical costs were estimated for Indian Health Service users with medically treated injuries using data from the 2011-2015 National Data Warehouse. Productivity costs and YPLL were estimated using data on injury-related deaths among AI/AN in Indian Health Service's 2008-2010 service population. Costs were reported in 2017 U.S. dollars.ResultsThe total estimated costs of injuries per year, including injuries among Indian Health Service users and productivity losses from injury-related deaths, were estimated at $4.5 billion. Lifetime medical costs to treat annual injuries among Indian Health Service users were estimated at $549 million, with the largest share ($131 million) going toward falls, the most frequent injury cause. Total estimated YPLL from AI/AN injury deaths in Indian Health Service's service population were 106,400. YPLL from injury deaths for men (74,000) were 2.2 times YPLL for women (33,000). Productivity losses from all injury-related deaths were $3.9 billion per year. The highest combined lifetime medical and mortality costs were for motor vehicle/traffic injuries, with an estimated cost of $1.6 billion per year.ConclusionsFindings suggest that targeted injury prevention efforts by Indian Health Service likely contributed to lower rates of injury among AI/AN, particularly for motor vehicle/traffic injuries. However, because of remaining disparities in injury-related outcomes between AI/AN and all races in the United States, Indian Health Service should continue to monitor changes in injury incidence and costs over time, evaluate the impacts of previous injury prevention investments on current incidence and costs, and identify additional injury prevention investment needs.

Project description:BackgroundAmerican Indians/Alaska Natives have the highest commercial tobacco use in the United States, resulting in higher tobacco-caused deaths and diseases than the general population. Some American Indians/Alaska Natives use commercial tobacco for ceremonial as well as recreational uses. Because federally recognized Tribal lands are sovereign, they are not subject to state cigarette taxes and smoke-free laws. This study analyzes tobacco industry promotional efforts specifically targeting American Indians/Alaska Natives and exploiting Tribal lands to understand appropriate policy responses in light of American Indians'/Alaska Natives' unique sovereign status and culture.MethodsWe analyzed previously secret tobacco industry documents available at the Truth Tobacco Documents Library (https://industrydocuments.library.ucsf.edu/tobacco/).ResultsTobacco companies used promotional strategies targeting American Indians/Alaska Natives and exploiting Tribal lands that leveraged the federally recognized Tribes' unique sovereign status exempting them from state cigarette taxes and smoke-free laws, and exploited some Tribes' existing traditional uses of ceremonial tobacco and poverty. Tactics included price reductions, coupons, giveaways, gaming promotions, charitable contributions, and sponsorships. In addition, tobacco companies built alliances with Tribal leaders to help improve their corporate image, advance ineffective Youth Smoking Prevention programs, and defeat tobacco control policies.ConclusionsThe industry's promotional tactics likely contribute to disparities in smoking prevalence and smoking-related diseases among American Indians//Alaska Natives. Proven policy interventions to address these disparities including tobacco price increases, cigarette taxes, comprehensive smoke-free laws, and industry denormalization campaigns to reduce smoking prevalence and smoking-related disease could be considered by Tribal communities. The sovereign status of federally recognized Tribes does not prevent them from adopting these measures.ImplicationsAmerican Indians/Alaska Natives suffer disparities in smoking prevalence and smoking-related diseases as compared with other groups. The tobacco industry has used promotional tactics including price reductions, coupons and giveaways, casino and bingo promotions, charitable contributions and sponsorships, and so-called Youth Smoking Prevention (YSP) programs to specifically target American Indians/Alaska Natives and exploit Tribal sovereignty, which likely contribute to disparities in tobacco use and related diseases and deaths among this population. Tribal and public health policy makers should consider rejecting ineffective YSP programs and instead consider adopting proven policy interventions including tobacco price increases, cigarette and casino taxes, comprehensive smokefree laws, and anti-industry denormalization campaigns to reduce smoking and smoking-related disease.

Dataset Information

Prevalence of Dementia in American Indians and Alaska Natives Compared to White, Black, and Hispanic Medicare Beneficiaries: Findings from the National Health and Aging Trends Study.

Objective

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Publications

Prevalence of Dementia in American Indians and Alaska Natives Compared to White, Black, and Hispanic Medicare Beneficiaries: Findings from the National Health and Aging Trends Study.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets