Dataset Information

Changes in depressive and anxiety symptoms during COVID-19 in children from the PROGRESS cohort.

ABSTRACT:

Background

We assessed associations between maternal stress, social support, and child resiliency during the COVID-19 pandemic in relation to changes in anxiety and depression symptoms in children in Mexico City.

Methods

Participants included 464 mother-child pairs from a longitudinal birth cohort in Mexico City. At ages 8-11 (pre-COVID, 2018-2019) and 9-12 (during COVID, May-Nov 2020) years, depressive symptoms were assessed using the child and parent-reported Children's Depressive Inventory. Anxiety symptoms were assessed using the child-reported Revised Manifest Anxiety Scale. Linear regression models were used to estimate associations between maternal stress, social support, and resiliency in relation to changes in depressive and anxiety symptoms. We additionally assessed outcomes using clinically relevant cut-points. Models were adjusted for child age and sex and maternal socioeconomic status and age.

Results

Higher continuous maternal stress levels during the COVID-19 pandemic were associated with increases in depressive symptoms (β: 0.72; 95% CI: 0.12, 1.31), and higher odds of clinically relevant depressive and anxiety symptoms in the children.

Conclusions

Maternal stress during the pandemic may increase mental health symptoms in pre-adolescent children. Additional studies are needed that examine the long-term pandemic-related impacts on mental health throughout the adolescent years.

Impact

In this longitudinal cohort study of children in Mexico City, we observed that depressive symptoms were higher from before to during the pandemic. Maternal stress surrounding the pandemic may increase mental health symptoms in pre-adolescent children. Child resiliency may help to protect against pandemic-related stressors.

SUBMITTER: McGuinn LA

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10192449 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Changes in depressive and anxiety symptoms during COVID-19 in children from the PROGRESS cohort.

McGuinn Laura A LA Rivera Nadya Rivera NR Osorio-Valencia Erika E Schnaas Lourdes L Hernandez-Chavez Carmen C DeFelice Nicholas B NB Harari Homero H Klein Daniel N DN Wright Rosalind J RJ Téllez-Rojo Martha Maria MM Wright Robert O RO Rosa Maria José MJ Tamayo-Ortiz Marcela M

Pediatric research 20221118 1

<h4>Background</h4>We assessed associations between maternal stress, social support, and child resiliency during the COVID-19 pandemic in relation to changes in anxiety and depression symptoms in children in Mexico City.<h4>Methods</h4>Participants included 464 mother-child pairs from a longitudinal birth cohort in Mexico City. At ages 8-11 (pre-COVID, 2018-2019) and 9-12 (during COVID, May-Nov 2020) years, depressive symptoms were assessed using the child and parent-reported Children's Depressi ...[more]

PMID: 36396698

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Project description:ImportanceEmerging research suggests that the global prevalence of child and adolescent mental illness has increased considerably during COVID-19. However, substantial variability in prevalence rates have been reported across the literature.ObjectiveTo ascertain more precise estimates of the global prevalence of child and adolescent clinically elevated depression and anxiety symptoms during COVID-19; to compare these rates with prepandemic estimates; and to examine whether demographic (eg, age, sex), geographical (ie, global region), or methodological (eg, pandemic data collection time point, informant of mental illness, study quality) factors explained variation in prevalence rates across studies.Data sourcesFour databases were searched (PsycInfo, Embase, MEDLINE, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials) from January 1, 2020, to February 16, 2021, and unpublished studies were searched in PsycArXiv on March 8, 2021, for studies reporting on child/adolescent depression and anxiety symptoms. The search strategy combined search terms from 3 themes: (1) mental illness (including depression and anxiety), (2) COVID-19, and (3) children and adolescents (age ≤18 years). For PsycArXiv, the key terms COVID-19, mental health, and child/adolescent were used.Study selectionStudies were included if they were published in English, had quantitative data, and reported prevalence of clinically elevated depression or anxiety in youth (age ≤18 years).Data extraction and synthesisA total of 3094 nonduplicate titles/abstracts were retrieved, and 136 full-text articles were reviewed. Data were analyzed from March 8 to 22, 2021.Main outcomes and measuresPrevalence rates of clinically elevated depression and anxiety symptoms in youth.ResultsRandom-effect meta-analyses were conducted. Twenty-nine studies including 80 879 participants met full inclusion criteria. Pooled prevalence estimates of clinically elevated depression and anxiety symptoms were 25.2% (95% CI, 21.2%-29.7%) and 20.5% (95% CI, 17.2%-24.4%), respectively. Moderator analyses revealed that the prevalence of clinically elevated depression and anxiety symptoms were higher in studies collected later in the pandemic and in girls. Depression symptoms were higher in older children.Conclusions and relevancePooled estimates obtained in the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic suggest that 1 in 4 youth globally are experiencing clinically elevated depression symptoms, while 1 in 5 youth are experiencing clinically elevated anxiety symptoms. These pooled estimates, which increased over time, are double of prepandemic estimates. An influx of mental health care utilization is expected, and allocation of resources to address child and adolescent mental health concerns are essential.

Project description:Maternal depression and anxiety during pregnancy have been associated with offspring-attention deficit problems.We explored possible intrauterine effects by comparing maternal and paternal symptoms during pregnancy, by investigating cross-cohort consistency, and by investigating whether parental symptoms in early childhood may explain any observed intrauterine effect.This study was conducted in two cohorts (Generation R, n = 2,280 and ALSPAC, n = 3,442). Pregnant women and their partners completed questionnaires to assess symptoms of depression and anxiety. Child attention problems were measured in Generation R at age 3 with the Child Behavior Checklist, and in ALSPAC at age 4 with the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire.In both cohorts, antenatal maternal symptoms of depression (Generation R: OR 1.23, 95% CI 1.05-1.43; ALSPAC: OR 1.33, 95% CI 1.19-1.48) and anxiety (Generation R: OR 1.24, 95% CI 1.06-1.46; ALSPAC: OR 1.32, 95% CI 1.19-1.47) were associated with a higher risk of child attention problems. In ALSPAC, paternal depression was also associated with a higher risk of child attention problems (OR 1.11, 95% CI 1.00-1.24). After adjusting for maternal symptoms after giving birth, antenatal maternal depression and anxiety were no longer associated with child attention problems in Generation R. Moreover, there was little statistical evidence that antenatal maternal and paternal depression and anxiety had a substantially different effect on attention problems of the child.The apparent intrauterine effect of maternal depression and anxiety on offspring-behavioural problems may be partly explained by residual confounding. There was little evidence of a difference between the strength of associations of maternal and paternal symptoms during pregnancy with offspring-attention problems. That maternal symptoms after childbirth were also associated with offspring-behavioural problems may indicate a contribution of genetic influences to the association.

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Dataset Information

Changes in depressive and anxiety symptoms during COVID-19 in children from the PROGRESS cohort.

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Impact

Publications

Changes in depressive and anxiety symptoms during COVID-19 in children from the PROGRESS cohort.

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