The risk of infectious pathogens in breast-feeding, donated human milk and breast milk substitutes.

ABSTRACT:

Objective

This review collates the published reports that focus on microbial and viral illnesses that can be transmitted by breast milk, donor milk and powdered infant formula (PIF). In this context, we attempt to define a risk framework encompassing those hazards, exposure scenarios, vulnerability and protective factors.

Design

A literature search was performed for reported cases of morbidity and mortality associated with different infant feeding modes.

Setting

Exclusive breast-feeding is the recommended for infant feeding under 6 months, or failing that, provision of donated human milk. However, the use of PIF remains high despite its intrinsic and extrinsic risk of microbial contamination, as well as the potential for adverse physiological effects, including infant

SUBMITTER: Blackshaw K 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10195434 | biostudies-literature | 2021 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature