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Dyads or quads? Impact of group size and learning context on collaborative learning.

ABSTRACT: Collaborative learning has been widely used in both offline and online contexts to support deep learning, and its effectiveness may be adjusted by the size of the collaborative groups. To examine the effect of learning context and group size on collaborative learning, this study conducted two experiments with 62 third-year undergraduate students enrolled in the course named Application of Modern Educational Technology to compare learning outcomes, learning engagement, and collaborative experience between quad (four-person) and dyad groups in both face-to-face and online learning contexts. The results indicated that learning outcomes and collaborative experience were not significantly affected by group size and learning context, but for peer interaction, the dyad group showed more communication and interaction during the learning process. In general, the dyad group showed higher and more stable scores in all aspects, as well as being able to adapt to changes in learning contexts. Based on the research results, three practical implications were proposed to promote the implementation of collaborative learning in teaching.

SUBMITTER: Wang M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10196372 | biostudies-literature | 2023

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Dyads or quads? Impact of group size and learning context on collaborative learning.

Wang Mindi M Jiang Ling L Luo Heng H

Frontiers in psychology 20230505

Collaborative learning has been widely used in both offline and online contexts to support deep learning, and its effectiveness may be adjusted by the size of the collaborative groups. To examine the effect of learning context and group size on collaborative learning, this study conducted two experiments with 62 third-year undergraduate students enrolled in the course named <i>Application of Modern Educational Technology</i> to compare learning outcomes, learning engagement, and collaborative ex ...[more]

PMID: 37213364

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Project description:BackgroundCollaborative skills learning in the form of dyad learning compared with individual learning has been shown to lead to non-inferior skills retention and transfer. However, we have limited knowledge on which learning activities improve collaborative skills training and how the number of collaborators may impact skills transfer. We explored the effects of skills training individually, in dyads, triads or tetrads on learning activities during training and on subsequent skills transfer.MethodsIn a randomised, controlled study, participants completed a pre-post-transfer-test set-up in groups of one to four. Participants completed 2 hours of obstetric ultrasound training. In the dyad, triad and tetrad group participants took turns actively handling the ultrasound probe. All performances were rated by two blinded experts using the Objective Structured Assessment of Ultrasound Skills (OSAUS) scale and a Global Rating Scale (GRS). All training was video recorded, and learning activities were analysed using the Interactive-Constructive-Active-Passive (ICAP) framework.ResultsOne hundred one participants completed the simulation-based training, and ninety-seven completed the transfer test. Performance scores improved significantly from pre- to post-test for all groups (p < 0.001, ηp2 = 0.55). However, group size did not affect transfer test performance on OSAUS scores (p = 0.13, ηp2 = 0.06) or GRS scores (p = 0.23, ηp2 = 0.05). ICAP analyses of training activities showed that time spent on non-learning and passive learning activities increased with group size (p < 0.001, ηp2 = 0.31), whereas time spent on constructive and interactive learning activities was constant between groups compared with singles (p < 0.001, ηp2 = 0.72).ConclusionCollaborative skills learning in groups of up to four did not impair skills transfer despite less hands-on time. This may be explained by a compensatory shift towards constructive and interactive learning activities that outweigh the effect of shorter hands-on time.

Project description:ObjectiveCase-based collaborative learning (CBCL) models that incorporate learner-guided content review, structured preparatory assessment, and interactive case-based classroom sessions have been shown to promote content mastery among medical students. However, limited research has explored the viability of CBCL in resident populations, particularly in dermatology. We therefore sought to investigate the impact of a CBCL curriculum covering complex medical dermatology topics on resident knowledge and learning preferences.MethodsThis prospective cohort study included dermatology and combined internal medicine-dermatology resident trainees of all levels (postgraduate years 2-5) in a single residency program in Boston, Massachusetts. Four CBCL sessions covering complex medical dermatology topics were delivered to program residents between March and April 2019. Preparatory material for each session included a 20-minute concept video and a multiple-choice readiness assessment. During the sessions, residents applied their nascent understanding to newly introduced clinical vignettes and cases covering the preassigned materials. To assess knowledge and learner preferences, 15-question surveys were administered before and immediately after curriculum delivery. Changes in knowledge and learner preferences were determined using Student t tests to compare means and χ2 tests to compare proportions.ResultsOf the 30 residents, 29 (96.7%) completed the precurriculum survey and 17 (56.7%) completed the postcurriculum survey. Mean content scores improved significantly (p < .01) from presession (x̅ 5.70; σ 1.88) to postsession (x̅ 9.71; σ 1.88). The majority of respondents indicated a preference for future CBCL sessions, with learning preferences remaining stable over time.ConclusionIn this single-center prospective cohort study, resident knowledge improved significantly after CBCL curriculum delivery. Most resident learners viewed the curriculum as worthwhile and preferred it to traditional lecture-based didactics. Collectively, our findings suggest that CBCL models can be feasibly implemented and durably convey complex content to resident learners.

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Dyads or quads? Impact of group size and learning context on collaborative learning.

Publications

Dyads or quads? Impact of group size and learning context on collaborative learning.

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