Key Amino Acid Residues of Mitochondrial Transcription Factor A Synergize with Abasic (AP) Site Dynamics To Facilitate AP-Lyase Reactions.

ABSTRACT: Human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) encodes 37 essential genes and plays a critical role in mitochondrial and cellular functions. mtDNA is susceptible to damage by endogenous and exogenous chemicals. Damaged mtDNA molecules are counteracted by the redundancy, repair, and degradation of mtDNA. In response to difficult-to-repair or excessive amounts of DNA lesions, mtDNA degradation is a crucial mitochondrial genome maintenance mechanism. Nevertheless, the molecular basis of mtDNA degradation remains incompletely understood. Recently, mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) has emerged as a factor in degrading damaged mtDNA containing abasic (AP) sites. TFAM has AP-lyase activity, which cleaves DNA at AP sites. Human TFAM and its homologs contain a higher abundance of Glu than that of the pr

SUBMITTER: Zhao W 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10198963 | biostudies-literature | 2023 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature