Dataset Information

Effects of Smoking Social Cues on Inhibitory Control in Smokers: An Event-Related Potential Study.

ABSTRACT:

Objective

Reduced inhibitory control is a general characteristic of smokers and becomes increasingly pronounced in smoking-related contexts. However, research has rarely considered differences in the effects of various smoking-related cues. To fill this research gap, this study compared the effects of smoking object-related and smoking social-related cues on inhibitory control in smokers.

Methods

We used a visual Go/NoGo paradigm with three types of long-lasting backgrounds (neutral, smoking object, and smoking social background) to record the error rates, reaction times, and amplitudes of the N2 and P3 event-related potentials (ERPs) by 25 smokers and 25 non-smokers.

Results

(1) Smokers displayed smaller NoGo-N2 amplitudes than controls under the neutral background; (2) smokers displayed smaller NoGo-N2 amplitudes under the smoking social background and smoking object background than they did under the neutral background; (3) relative to neutral and smoking object backgrounds, smokers displayed higher commission error rates, shorter reaction times, and larger NoGo-P3 amplitudes under smoking social background.

Conclusion

Smoking-related stimuli impair inhibitory control in smokers, especially when these stimuli are socially related.

SUBMITTER: Zhao B

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10199225 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Oct-Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Effects of Smoking Social Cues on Inhibitory Control in Smokers: An Event-Related Potential Study.

Zhao Boqiang B Chen Haide H

International journal of clinical and health psychology : IJCHP 20230512 4

<h4>Objective</h4>Reduced inhibitory control is a general characteristic of smokers and becomes increasingly pronounced in smoking-related contexts. However, research has rarely considered differences in the effects of various smoking-related cues. To fill this research gap, this study compared the effects of smoking object-related and smoking social-related cues on inhibitory control in smokers.<h4>Methods</h4>We used a visual Go/NoGo paradigm with three types of long-lasting backgrounds (neutr ...[more]

PMID: 37214345

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Project description:BackgroundThe dual-process theory is central to several models of addiction, implying the importance of automatic processes in the maintenance and development of addiction. Implicit beliefs are traces of previous experience which relate to the representation in cognition. Implicit behavioral tendencies are traces of previous experience which relate to the representation in behavioral tendencies. In this study, we aim to provide behavioral evidence for implicit beliefs and implicit behavioral tendencies towards smoking-related cues among Chinese male smokers and non-smokers. We also examine the relationships among implicit beliefs, implicit behavioral tendencies and smoking behaviors of smokers.MethodsIn order to achieve these goals, we used an implicit association test (IAT) to measure implicit beliefs and implicit behavioral tendencies simultaneously. Thirty-nine smokers and twenty-five non-smokers were tested, using smoking-related words and images, as well as neutral words and images as stimuli.ResultsOur analysis shows significant differences in smokers' and non-smokers' implicit beliefs and behavioral tendencies (t62 = 3.494, p < 0.001; t62 = 5.034, p < 0.001). In the group of smokers, implicit beliefs and implicit behavioral tendencies were positively correlated with each other (r = 0.460, p < 0.01). In addition, smokers' scores for implicit behavioral tendencies are negatively correlated with the number of cigarettes smoked per day (r = - 0.51, p < 0.001).ConclusionsThis study suggests that implicit beliefs and behavioral tendencies toward smoking-related cues vary significantly between Chinese male smokers and non-smokers. In addition, there is a positive correlation between implicit beliefs and behavioral tendencies within smokers. It also shows for the first time that the implicit behavioral tendencies are related to smoking behaviors. Our results may be considered as references for smoking cessation interventions focused on changes at the implicit level, and they provide a new perspective for measuring different dimensions of implicit attitudes by an IAT. This finding might promote the development of the network theory of implicit attitudes.

Project description:BackgroundConcurrent exercise (CE), an emerging exercise modality characterized by sequential bouts of aerobic (AE) and resistance exercise (RE), has demonstrated acute benefits on executive functions (EFs) and neuroelectric P3 amplitude. However, the effect of acute CE on inhibitory control, a sub-component of EFs, and P3 amplitude remains inconclusive. Moreover, exploring the mechanisms underlying the effects of acute exercise on EFs contributes to scientific comprehension, with lactate recognized as a crucial candidate positively correlated with EFs. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the effects of acute CE on inhibitory control via behavioral and event-related potential approaches and to examine its potential mediational role on lactate.MethodsSeventy-eight adults (mean age = 22.95, SD = 1.75 years) were randomly assigned to either a CE, AE, or control (CON) group. Participants in the CE group engaged in 12-min of AE (40-59% of heart rate reserve [HRR]) coupled with 13-min of RE (1 set, with 75% of 10-repetition maximum, and 12 repetitions of 8 movements). The AE group participated in 25 min of AE (40-59% HRR). Prior to and following exercise onset, participants in both the CE and AE groups completed a 5-min warm-up and cool-down. Participants in the CON group read books for 35 min. Lactate concentrations were measured at timepoints of 0-, 17-, and 30-min relative to the treatment onset. Response time (RT) and accuracy in the Stroop test, as well as P3 amplitude, were assessed before and after the treatment.ResultsThe results revealed that both the CE and AE groups had significantly shorter RTs compared to the CON group, with no significant differences in accuracy among groups. A decrease in P3 amplitude was observed for the CE group compared to the AE and CON groups. The mediating effects of lactate between acute exercise and inhibitory control were insignificant.ConclusionsThe findings suggest that both CE and AE improve inhibitory control and CE potentially enhances the efficient allocation of attention resources. The lack of a significant mediating effect of lactate warrants further investigation.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov, NCT06370286. Registered 12 April 2024-Retrospectively registered, https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06370286 .

Dataset Information

Effects of Smoking Social Cues on Inhibitory Control in Smokers: An Event-Related Potential Study.

Objective

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Publications

Effects of Smoking Social Cues on Inhibitory Control in Smokers: An Event-Related Potential Study.

Similar Datasets

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