Dataset Information

The WHO costing and budgeting tool for national action plans on antimicrobial resistance-a practical addition to the WHOle toolkit.

ABSTRACT:

Objectives

The development of national action plans (NAPs) for antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has been promoted and supported by the WHO, with recent support in the form of costing and budgeting tools to aid in finance-allocation decisions within governments.

Methods

In this brief report we review this WHO costing and budgeting tool, discuss the strengths and weaknesses, and consider its place alongside other health economics and policy-support tools developed.

Results

We call for future analyses of the costs of AMR NAPs to consider costs beyond that of only implementation, through use of other available, open-access data and tools. These include the Global Antimicrobial Resistance and Use Surveillance System (GLASS) data and One Health tools already within the existing 'WHO toolbox'.

Conclusions

We suggest that future work on evaluating AMR along the impact pipeline use this toolbox where possible, ensuring empirical work is in turn open access.

SUBMITTER: Glover RE

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10210613 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

The WHO costing and budgeting tool for national action plans on antimicrobial resistance-a practical addition to the WHOle toolkit.

Glover Rebecca E RE Naylor Nichola R NR

JAC-antimicrobial resistance 20230525 3

<h4>Objectives</h4>The development of national action plans (NAPs) for antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has been promoted and supported by the WHO, with recent support in the form of costing and budgeting tools to aid in finance-allocation decisions within governments.<h4>Methods</h4>In this brief report we review this WHO costing and budgeting tool, discuss the strengths and weaknesses, and consider its place alongside other health economics and policy-support tools developed.<h4>Results</h4>We c ...[more]

PMID: 37251302

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Project description:BackgroundAntimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a growing problem worldwide in need of global coordinated action. With the endorsement of the Global Action Plan (GAP) on AMR in 2015, the 194 member states of the World Health Organization committed to integrating the five objectives and corresponding actions of the GAP into national action plans (NAPs) on AMR. The article analyzes patterns of alignment between existing NAPs and the GAP, bringing to the fore new methodologies for exploring the relationship between globally driven health policies and activities at the national level, taking income, geography and governance factors into account.MethodsThe article investigates the global governance of AMR. Concretely, two proxies are devised to measure vertical and horizontal alignment between the GAP and existing NAPs: (i) a syntactic indicator measuring the degree of verbatim overlap between the GAP and the NAPs; and (ii) a content indicator measuring the extent to which the objectives and corresponding actions outlined in the GAP are addressed in the NAPs. Vertical alignment is measured by the extent to which each NAP overlaps with the GAP. Horizontal alignment is explored by measuring the degree to which NAPs overlap with other NAPs across regions and income groups. In addition, NAP implementation is explored using the Global Database for Antimicrobial Resistance Country Self-Assessment.FindingsWe find strong evidence of vertical alignment, particularly among low-income countries and lower-middle-income countries but weaker evidence of horizontal alignment within regions. In general, we find the NAPs in our sample to be mostly aligned with the GAP's five overarching objectives while only moderately aligned with the recommended corresponding actions. Furthermore, we see several cases of what can be termed 'isomorphic mimicry', characterized by strong alignment in the policies outlined but much lower levels of alignment in terms of actual implemented policies.ConclusionTo strengthen the alignment of national AMR policies, we recommend global governance initiatives based on individualized responsibilities some of which should be legally binding. Our study provides limited evidence of horizontal alignment within regions, which implies that regional governance institutions (e.g., WHO regional offices) should primarily act as mediators between global and local demands to strengthen a global governance regime that minimizes policy fragmentation and mimicry behavior across member states.

Dataset Information

The WHO costing and budgeting tool for national action plans on antimicrobial resistance-a practical addition to the WHOle toolkit.

Objectives

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

The WHO costing and budgeting tool for national action plans on antimicrobial resistance-a practical addition to the WHOle toolkit.

Similar Datasets

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