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Research on radiation field and driving based on super-low frequency mechanical antenna array.

ABSTRACT: Mechanical antennas (MAs) directly use the mechanical motion of electric or magnetic charges to excite electromagnetic waves. The radiation distance of rotating magnetic dipole type mechanical antennas is related to the volume of the radiation source, so the volume of the radiation source is too large for long-distance communication. To solve the above problem, we first establish the magnetic field model and differential equations of motion of the antenna array. Then, we design the prototype of antenna array with operating frequency of 75-125Hz. Finally, we experimentally established the radiation intensity relationship between a single permanent magnet and an array of permanent magnets. The results indicate that our driving model reduces the tolerance of the signal by 47%. Through 2FSK communication experiments, this article verifies the feasibility of extending the communication distance in the form of an array, which provides an important reference for long-distance low-frequency communication.

SUBMITTER: Wang X

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10214727 | biostudies-literature | 2023 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Research on radiation field and driving based on super-low frequency mechanical antenna array.

Wang Xiaoyu X Yang Xijie X Li Ziyi Z Zhang Boyan B Cao Zhenxin Z

iScience 20230425 5

Mechanical antennas (MAs) directly use the mechanical motion of electric or magnetic charges to excite electromagnetic waves. The radiation distance of rotating magnetic dipole type mechanical antennas is related to the volume of the radiation source, so the volume of the radiation source is too large for long-distance communication. To solve the above problem, we first establish the magnetic field model and differential equations of motion of the antenna array. Then, we design the prototype of ...[more]

PMID: 37250322

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Project description:BackgroundHigh resolution imaging of the microvasculature plays an important role in both diagnostic and therapeutic applications in the brain. However, ultrasound pulse-echo sonography imaging the brain vasculatures has been limited to narrow acoustic windows and low frequencies due to the distortion of the skull bone, which sacrifices axial resolution since it is pulse length dependent.PurposeTo overcome the detect limit, a large aperture 256-module sparse hemispherical transmit/receive array was used to visualize the acoustic emissions of ultrasound-vaporized lipid-coated decafluorobutane nanodroplets flowing through tube phantoms and within rabbit cerebral vasculature in vivo via passive acoustic mapping and super resolution techniques.MethodsNanodroplets were vaporized with 55 kHz burst-mode ultrasound (burst length = 145 μs, burst repetition frequency = 9-45 Hz, peak negative acoustic pressure = 0.10-0.22 MPa), which propagates through overlying tissues well without suffering from severe distortions. The resulting emissions were received at a higher frequency (612 or 1224 kHz subarray) to improve the resulting spatial resolution during passive beamforming. Normal resolution three-dimensional images were formed using a delay, sum, and integrate beamforming algorithm, and super-resolved images were extracted via Gaussian fitting of the estimated point-spread-function to the normal resolution data.ResultsWith super resolution techniques, the mean lateral (axial) full-width-at-half-maximum image intensity was 16 ± 3 (32 ± 6) μm, and 7 ± 1 (15 ± 2) μm corresponding to ∼1/67 of the normal resolution at 612 and 1224 kHz, respectively. The mean positional uncertainties were ∼1/350 (lateral) and ∼1/180 (axial) of the receive wavelength in water. In addition, a temporal correlation between nanodroplet vaporization and the transmit waveform shape was observed, which may provide the opportunity to enhance the signal-to-noise ratio in future studies.ConclusionsHere, we demonstrate the feasibility of vaporizing nanodroplets via low frequency ultrasound and simultaneously performing spatial mapping via passive beamforming at higher frequencies to improve the resulting spatial resolution of super resolution imaging techniques. This method may enable complete four-dimensional vascular mapping in organs where a hemispherical array could be positioned to surround the target, such as the brain, breast, or testicles.

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Research on radiation field and driving based on super-low frequency mechanical antenna array.

Publications

Research on radiation field and driving based on super-low frequency mechanical antenna array.

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