Female "Paradox" in Atrial Fibrillation-Role of Left Truncation Due to Competing Risks.

ABSTRACT: Female sex in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) is a controversial and paradoxical risk factor for stroke-controversial because it increases the risk of stroke only among older women of some ethnicities and paradoxical because it appears to contradict male predominance in cardiovascular diseases. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. We conducted simulations to examine the hypothesis that this sex difference is generated non-causally through left truncation due to competing risks (CR) such as coronary artery diseases, which occur more frequently among men than among women and share common unobserved causes with stroke. We modeled the hazards of stroke and CR with correlated heterogeneous risk. We assumed that some people died of CR before AF diagnosis and calculated the h

SUBMITTER: Nakamizo T 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10220944 | biostudies-literature | 2023 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature