Dataset Information

Potential application of spectral indices for olive water status assessment in (semi-)arid regions: A case study in Khuzestan Province, Iran.

ABSTRACT: Spectral indices can be used as fast and non-destructive indicators of plant water status or stress. It is the objective of the present study to evaluate the feasibility of using several spectral indices including water index (WI) and normalized spectral water indices 1-5 (NWI 1-5) to estimate water status in olive trees in arid regions in Iran. The experimental treatments involved two olive cultivars (Koroneiki and T2) and four irrigation regimes (irrigated with 100%, 85%, 70%, and 55% estimated crop evapotranspiration [ETc]). The results obtained showed that olive trees subjected to the different irrigation regimes of 85%, 70%, and 55% ETc experienced soil water content (SWC) deficits by 4.5%, 12%, and 20.5% that of the control, respectively. Significant differences were observed among the treatments with respect to measured relative water content (RWC), SWC, and the spectral indices of WI and NWI 1-5. The normalized spectral indices combining NIR and NIR wavelengths were found more effective in tracking changes in RWC and SWC than those that combine NIR and VIS or VIS and VIS wavelengths, respectively. Spectral indices were closely and significantly associated with RWC (.63**

SUBMITTER: Asgari A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10244469 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Potential application of spectral indices for olive water status assessment in (semi-)arid regions: A case study in Khuzestan Province, Iran.

Asgari Azimeh A Hooshmand Abdolrahim A Broumand-Nasab Saeed S Zivdar Shohreh S

Plant direct 20230606 6

Spectral indices can be used as fast and non-destructive indicators of plant water status or stress. It is the objective of the present study to evaluate the feasibility of using several spectral indices including water index (WI) and normalized spectral water indices 1-5 (NWI 1-5) to estimate water status in olive trees in arid regions in Iran. The experimental treatments involved two olive cultivars (Koroneiki and T2) and four irrigation regimes (irrigated with 100%, 85%, 70%, and 55% estimate ...[more]

PMID: 37292219

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Project description:Soil microbial processes are crucial for understanding the ecological functions of arid and semi-arid lands which occupy approximately 40% of the global terrestrial ecosystems. However, how soil microbial metabolic activities may change across a wide aridity gradient in drylands remains unclear. Here, we investigated three soil microbial metabolic indices (soil organic carbon (SOC)-based microbial respiration, metabolic quotient, and microbial biomass as a proportion of total SOC) and the degree of carbon limitation for microbial respiration along a 3,200 km transect with a wide aridity gradient. The aridity gradient was customarily expressed using the aridity index (AI) which was calculated as the ratio of mean annual precipitation to mean annual evaporation, therefore, a lower AI value indicated a higher degree of aridity. Our results showed non-linear relationships between AI values and the metabolic indices with a clear aridity threshold for each of the three metabolic indices along the aridity gradient, respectively (AI = 0.13 for basal respiration, AI = 0.17 for metabolic quotient, and AI = 0.17 for MBC:SOC ratio). These metabolic indices linearly declined when AI was above the thresholds, but did not show any clear patterns when AI was below the thresholds. We also found that soil microbial respiration was highly limited by available carbon substrates at locations with higher primary production and relatively lower level of water limitation when AI was above the threshold, a counter-intuitive pattern that microbes were more starved in ecosystems with more substrate input. However, the increasing level of carbon limitation did correspond to the declining trend of the three metabolic indices along the AI gradient, which indicates that the carbon limitation influences microbial metabolism. We also found that the ratio of microbial biomass carbon to SOC in arid regions (AI < 0.2) with extremely low precipitation and primary production were not quantitatively related to SOC content. Overall, our results imply that microbial metabolism is distinctively different in arid lands than in non-arid lands.

Project description:BackgroundWorldwide, tuberculosis (TB) is among the most common causes of death. To our knowledge, there has been no study showing the prevalence of EPTB in Khuzestan province. Therefore, the objective of this research was to investigate the prevalence of EPTB in patients with or without pulmonary TB in different cities of Khuzestan province from 2002 to 2023. Additionally, the correlation between patient's gender, and age groups with the disease was also investigated.MethodsIn this retrospective study, the existing records in Tuberculosis Regional Reference Laboratory of Khuzestan province related to patients were used. The research was carried out by investigating the archive information in 19 years (from 1st January 2002 to December 30, 2023). All confirmed cases of EPTB and simultaneous EPTB and PTB, based on laboratory results and medical examination were included in the study. Patients with incomplete information and military TB were excluded from the study. Information collected from patients includes age, gender, involved organ, place of residence, and year of disease.ResultsA total of 12,900 EPTB-related medical records were extracted from Tuberculosis Regional Reference Laboratories in southwest Iran, Ahvaz. After excluding records, 12,836 clinically diagnosed or laboratory-confirmed tuberculosis patients were included in this study, including 5991 patients with simultaneous PTB and EPTB, and 6845 patients with EPTB only. The mean age of male EPTB patients was 37.5 years (SD ± 14.6), while the mean age of male patients with simultaneous PTB and EPTB was 45.8 years (SD ± 15.3). The mean age of female patients with EPTB only, and with simultaneous PTB and EPTB was 31.2 years (SD ± 12.6), and 31.5 years respectively.Discussiontuberculosis is a systemic disease with different clinical manifestations. This study described different epidemiologic patterns of concurrent EPTB. The proportion of different types of EPTB was simultaneously determined for a group of hospitalized patients and shown to be different with gender and age. This study will likely increase clinicians' awareness of the disease and help them better address diagnostic challenges and improve treatment outcomes for patients with EPTB.

Dataset Information

Potential application of spectral indices for olive water status assessment in (semi-)arid regions: A case study in Khuzestan Province, Iran.

Publications

Potential application of spectral indices for olive water status assessment in (semi-)arid regions: A case study in Khuzestan Province, Iran.

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