Peptidylarginine deiminase enzymes and citrullinated proteins in female reproductive physiology and associated diseases†.

ABSTRACT: Citrullination, the post-translational modification of arginine residues, is catalyzed by the four catalytically active peptidylarginine deiminase (PAD or PADI) isozymes and alters charge to affect target protein structure and function. PADs were initially characterized in rodent uteri and, since then, have been described in other female tissues including ovaries, breast, and the lactotrope and gonadotrope cells of the anterior pituitary gland. In these tissues and cells, estrogen robustly stimulates PAD expression resulting in changes in levels over the course of the female reproductive cycle. The best-characterized targets for PADs are arginine residues in histone tails, which, when citrullinated, alter chromatin structure and gene expression. Methodological advances have allowed for the

SUBMITTER: Christensen AO 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10248218 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature