Internalisation of environmental costs of decentralised nitrogen fertilisers production.

ABSTRACT:

Purpose

Ammonia (NH₃) production is an energy-intensive process that is concentrated in a few countries at large-scale plants, mainly using the Haber-Bosch (HB) process. Local plants next to farmers can reduce environmental impacts, as well as reduce storage, shortage risks, and price volatility of fertilisers. Since local NH₃ production is not cost-effective, we analyse how internalisation of environmental impacts into economic analyses could help to promote novel technologies for NH₃ synthesis when supplied with renewable energy.

Methods

Mini-HB plants working at high pressure and temperature, as well as novel alternatives based on plasma reactors working at ambient conditions and using electricity from renewable sources, have been recently

SUBMITTER: Osorio-Tejada JL 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10251320 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature