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Clinical features and maternal and fetal outcomes in women with Guillain-Barre syndrome in pregnancy.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) is an acute inflammatory polyradiculoneuropathy rarely observed during pregnancy.

Methods

In this retrospective study, we analyzed the characteristics of pregnant women with GBS (pGBS) diagnosed in French University Hospitals in the 2002-2022 period and compared them with a reference group of same-age non-pregnant women with GBS (npGBS) identified in the same institutions & timeframe.

Results

We identified 16 pGBS cases. Median age was 31 years (28-36), and GBS developed in the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd trimester in 31%, 31% and 38% of cases respectively. A previous infection was identified in six cases (37%), GBS was demyelinating in nine cases (56%), and four patients (25%) needed respiratory assistance. Fifteen patients (94%) were treated with intravenous immunoglobulins, and neurological recovery was complete in all cases (100%). Unscheduled caesarean section was needed in five cases (31%), and two fetuses (12.5%) died because of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection (1 case) and HELLP (Hemolysis, Elevated Liver enzymes and Low Platelets) syndrome (1 case). In comparison with a reference group of 18 npGBS women with a median age of 30 years (27-33), pGBS patients more frequently had CMV infection (31% vs 11%), had a prolonged delay between GBS onset and hospital admission (delay > 7 days: 57% vs 12%), more often needed ICU admission (56% vs 33%) and respiratory assistance (25% vs 11%), and more often presented with treatment-related fluctuations (37% vs 0%).

Conclusions

This study shows GBS during pregnancy is a severe maternal condition with significant fetal mortality.

SUBMITTER: Krief N

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10252168 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Clinical features and maternal and fetal outcomes in women with Guillain-Barré syndrome in pregnancy.

Krief Nolwenn N Gabriel René R Cauquil Cécile C Adams David D Fargeot Guillaume G Maisonobe Thierry T Osman David D Schmidt Matthieu M Chanson Jean-Baptiste JB Bigaut Kevin K Sole Guilhem G Tard Céline C Nicolas Guillaume G Pereon Yann Y Aure Karine K Lagrange Emmeline E Lefilliatre Mathilde M Labeyrie Marc-Antoine MA Echaniz-Laguna Andoni A

Journal of neurology 20230609 9

<h4>Background</h4>Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) is an acute inflammatory polyradiculoneuropathy rarely observed during pregnancy.<h4>Methods</h4>In this retrospective study, we analyzed the characteristics of pregnant women with GBS (pGBS) diagnosed in French University Hospitals in the 2002-2022 period and compared them with a reference group of same-age non-pregnant women with GBS (npGBS) identified in the same institutions & timeframe.<h4>Results</h4>We identified 16 pGBS cases. Median age w ...[more]

PMID: 37294323

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