Immune-mediated cytopenias (IMCs) after HSCT for pediatric non-malignant disorders: epidemiology, risk factors, pathogenesis, and treatment.

ABSTRACT: Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) represents a curative option for pediatric patients affected by malignant and non-malignant disorders. Several complications may arise during the post-transplantation period, including immune-mediated disorders. Immune-mediated cytopenias (IMCs) account for up to 22% of pediatric HSCT complications, representing an important cause of morbidity and mortality post-HSCT. So far, their pathogenesis is not well-understood, and their management may be very challenging. Further, most patients are refractory to first-line treatment which is based on high-dose intravenous steroids, immunoglobulin, and the monoclonal anti-CD20 antibody - rituximab. No clear consensus has been reached for second- and third-line therapeutic options.

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SUBMITTER: Spadea M 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10257634 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature