Exosome-Based Multivalent Vaccine: Achieving Potent Immunization, Broadened Reactivity, and Strong T-Cell Responses with Nanograms of Proteins.

ABSTRACT: Currently approved vaccines against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) have focused solely on the spike protein to provide immunity. The first vaccines were developed rapidly using spike mRNA delivered by lipid nanoparticles but required ultralow-temperature storage and have had limited immunity against variations in spike. Subsequently, protein-based vaccines were developed, which offer broader immunity but require significant time for development and the use of an adjuvant to boost the immune response. Here, exosomes were used to deliver a bivalent protein-based vaccine in which two independent viral proteins were used. Exosomes were engineered to express either SARS-CoV-2 delta spike (Stealth X-Spike [STX-S]) or the more conserved nucleocapsid (Stealth X-Nucleo

SUBMITTER: Cacciottolo M 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10269692 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature