Bivalves Present the Largest and Most Diversified Repertoire of Toll-Like Receptors in the Animal Kingdom, Suggesting Broad-Spectrum Pathogen Recognition in Marine Waters.

ABSTRACT: Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are the most widespread class of membrane-bound innate immune receptors, responsible of specific pathogen recognition and production of immune effectors through the activation of intracellular signaling cascades. The repertoire of TLRs was analyzed in 85 metazoans, enriched on molluscan species, an underrepresented phylum in previous studies. Following an ancient evolutionary origin, suggested by the presence of TLR genes in Anthozoa (Cnidaria), these receptors underwent multiple independent gene family expansions, the most significant of which occurred in bivalve molluscs. Marine mussels (Mytilus spp.) had the largest TLR repertoire in the animal kingdom, with evidence of several lineage-specific expanded TLR subfamilies with different degrees of orthology conse

SUBMITTER: Saco A 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10279657 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature