Factors associated with long-term antibody response after COVID-19 vaccination in patients treated with systemic treatment for solid tumors.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Oosting SF
PROVIDER: S-EPMC10284446 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Aug
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
Publications
Factors associated with long-term antibody response after COVID-19 vaccination in patients treated with systemic treatment for solid tumors.
Oosting S F SF van der Veldt A A M AAM Fehrmann R S N RSN Bhattacharya A A van Binnendijk R S RS GeurtsvanKessel C H CH Dingemans A-M C AC Smit E F EF Hiltermann T J N TJN den Hartog G G Jalving M M Westphal T T TT de Wilt F F Ernst S M SM Boerma A A van Zijl L L Rimmelzwaan G F GF Kvistborg P P van Els C A C M CACM Rots N Y NY van Baarle D D Haanen J B A G JBAG de Vries E G E EGE
ESMO open 20230621 4
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Project description:BackgroundThe first COVID-19 vaccines are being distributed to the general population. However, the shortage of doses is slowing down the goal of reaching herd immunity. The aim of the study was to verify whether previously SARS-CoV-2 infected subjects, a considerable portion of the population, should receive the same vaccination treatment of seronegative individuals.MethodsHealth-professionals either recovered from COVID-19 or never infected by SARS-CoV-2 were serologically tested at different time-points right before, and several days after, vaccination.ResultsPreviously infected individuals showed humoral immune responses, 21 days after the first dose, that was approximately 10-folds higher than the seronegative group 21 days after the second dose. Seropositivity persists for at least 11 months.ConclusionDuring a shortage of COVID-19 vaccine doses, previously SARS-CoV-2 infected individuals should be dispensed from the vaccination campaign. When dose availability returns to normality, injection of a single dose for seropositive individuals should be considered.
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Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
2023-10-30 | GSE244032 | GEO
Project description:ImportanceSurvivors of childhood cancer (CCSs) face risk of developing subsequent tumors. Solid benign tumors may be cancer precursors; benign tumors and cancers may share etiologic factors. However, comprehensive data on the risk for solid benign tumors are lacking.ObjectiveTo quantify the incidence of and treatment-related risk factors for histologically confirmed solid nonskin benign tumors among CCSs.Design, setting, and participantsThis record linkage study involves the Dutch Childhood Oncology Group-Long-Term Effects After Childhood Cancer (DCOG-LATER) cohort of 6165 individuals diagnosed with childhood cancer at younger than 18 years from January 1, 1963, through December 31, 2001, in 7 Dutch pediatric centers and who survived at least 5 years after the diagnosis. Study groups eligible for record linkage from 1990 onward included 5843 CCSs (94.8%) and 883 siblings. Benign tumors were identified from the population-based Dutch histopathology and cytopathology registry (PALGA). Follow-up was completed on May 1, 2015. Data were analyzed from January 1, 1990, through May 1, 2015.Main outcomes and measuresCumulative incidence of any subsequent benign tumor for cohort strata and multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models (hazard ratios [HRs]) were used to evaluate potential risk factors for 8 major benign tumor subtypes.ResultsOf the 5843 eligible CCSs (55.9% male), 542 (9.3%) developed a histologically confirmed subsequent benign tumor after a median follow-up of 22.7 years (range, 5.0-52.2 years). Among women, abdominopelvic radiotherapy inferred dose-dependent increased risks for uterine leiomyoma (n = 43) for doses of less than 20 Gy (HR, 1.9; 95% CI, 0.5-7.0), 20 to less than 30 Gy (HR, 3.4; 95% CI, 1.1-10.4), and at least 30 Gy (HR, 5.4; 95% CI, 2.4-12.4) compared with no abdominopelvic radiotherapy (P = .002 for trend). High-dose radiotherapy to the trunk was not associated with breast fibroadenoma (n = 45). Of 23 osseous and/or chondromatous neoplasms, 16 occurred among leukemia survivors, including 11 after total body irradiation (HR, 37.4; 95% CI, 14.8-94.7). Nerve sheath tumors (n = 55) were associated with radiotherapy (HR at 31 years of age, 2.9; 95% CI, 1.5-5.5) and a crude indicator of neurofibromatosis type 1 or 2 status (HR, 5.6; 95% CI, 2.3-13.7). Subsequent risk for benign tumors was higher than the risks for subsequent nonskin solid malignant neoplasms and for benign tumors among siblings.Conclusions and relevanceThis record linkage study uses a unique resource for valid and complete outcome assessment and shows that CCSs have an approximately 2-fold risk of developing subsequent benign tumors compared with siblings. Site-specific new findings, including for uterine leiomyoma, osteochondroma, and nervous system tumors, are important to enable early diagnosis; this information will be the first step for future surveillance guidelines that include some benign tumors in CCSs and will provide leads for in-depth etiologic studies.
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Project description:Vaccination plays a key role in tackling the ongoing SARS-CoV-2 pandemic but data regarding the individual's protective antibody level are still pending. Our aim is to identify factors that influence antibody response following vaccination in healthcare workers. This single-center study was conducted at Evangelische Kliniken Gelsenkirchen, Germany. Healthcare workers were invited to answer a questionnaire about their vaccinations and adverse reactions. Subsequently, the level of anti-receptor binding domain (RBD) IgG antibody against SARS-CoV-2's spike protein through blood samples was measured. For statistics, we used a defined correlation of protection (CoP) and examined risk factors associated with being below the given CoP. A total of 645 employees were included and most were female (n = 481, 77.2%). A total of 94.2% participants had received two doses of vaccines (n = 587) and 12.4% (n = 720) had been infected at least once. Most common prime-boost regimen was BNT162b2 + BNT162b2 (57.9%, n = 361). Age (p < 0.001), days since vaccination (p = 0.007), and the homologous vaccination regimen with ChAdOx + ChAdOx (p = 0.004) were risk factors for the antibody level being below the CoP, whereas any previous COVID-19 infection (p < 0.001), the number of vaccines (p = 0.016), and physical complaints after vaccination (p = 0.01) were associated with an antibody level above the CoP. Thus, age, vaccination regimen, days since vaccination, and previous infection influence the antibody level. These risk factors should be considered for booster and vaccinations guidelines.
| S-EPMC9967627 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Aim/introductionPeptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) is an effective and well-tolerated treatment option for patients with neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) that prolongs progression-free survival (PFS). However, the limited overall survival (OS) rates in the prospective phase III study (NETTER1) highlighted the need to identify patient-specific long-term prognostic markers to avoid unnecessary side effects and enable better treatment stratification. Therefore, we retrospectively analyzed prognostic risk factors in NET patients treated with PRRT.MethodsA total of 62 NET patients (G1: 33.9%, G2 62.9%, and G3 3.2%) with at least 2 cycles of PRRT with [177Lu]Lu-HA-DOTATATE (mean 4 cycles) were analyzed. Of which, 53 patients had primary tumors in the gastroenteropancreatic (GEP) system, 6 had bronchopulmonary NET, and 3 had NET of unknown origin. [68Ga]Ga-HA-DOTATATE PET/CT scans were performed before PRRT start and after the second treatment cycle. Different clinical laboratory parameters, as well as PET parameters, such as SUVmean, SUVmax, and PET-based molecular tumor volume (MTV), were collected, and their impact on the OS was investigated. Patient data with a mean follow-up of 62 months (range 20-105) were analyzed.ResultsAccording to interim PET/CT, 16 patients (25.8%) presented with partial response (PR), 38 (61.2%) with stable disease (SD), and 7 (11.3%) with progressive disease (PD). The 5-year OS was 61.8% for all patients, while bronchopulmonary NETs showed poorer OS than GEP-NETs. Multivariable Cox regression analysis showed that chromogranin A level and MTV together were highly significant predictors of therapeutic outcome (HR 2.67; 95% CI 1.41-4.91; p = 0.002). Treatment response was also influenced by the LDH level (HR 0.98; 95% CI 0.9-1.0; p = 0.007) and patient age (HR 1.15; 95% CI 1.08-1.23; p < 0.001). ROC analysis revealed baseline MTV > 112.5 ml [Sens. 91%; Spec. 50%; AUC 0.67 (95% CI 0.51-0.84, p = 0.043)] and chromogranin A >1,250.75 μg/l [Sens. 87%; Spec. 56%; AUC 0.73 (95% CI 0.57-0.88, p = 0.009)] as the best cutoff values for identifying patients with worse 5-year survival.ConclusionOur retrospective analysis defined MTV and chromogranin A in combination as significant prognostic factors for long-term OS. Furthermore, an interim PET/CT after two cycles has the potential in identifying non-responders who may benefit from a change in therapy at an early stage.
| S-EPMC10288842 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease usually treated with immunomodulatory/immunosuppressive agents. The use of these agents has been associated with an increased susceptibility to infections. Vaccination might represent a critical aspect in the management of patients with psoriasis treated with immunomodulatory/immunosuppressive therapies. This narrative review aimed to provide an overview on the immune response to vaccines in subjects treated with systemic agents used to treat patients with moderate to severe psoriasis. Publications appearing in PubMed, Scopus, and ISI-Web of Knowledge database were selected using Medical Subject Headings key terms. Overall, published data confirmed that vaccination with attenuated live vaccines during therapy with immunomodulatory/immunosuppressive therapies should be avoided. For nonlive vaccines, a more favorable safety profile of biologic agents compared to conventional systemic agents is described as the humoral response to vaccines is in general well-preserved. Treatment with cyclosporine and methotrexate is associated with lower antibody titers to vaccines, and thus these agents are better discontinued during vaccination. In contrast, treatment with biological agents is not associated with lower antibody response and can thus be continued safely.
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Project description: Not available
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Project description:BackgroundBevacizumab has been studied in numerous clinical trials in multiple types of cancer; however, patients may receive bevacizumab over an extended period of time. This study assessed the long-term safety and tolerability of bevacizumab among patients with solid tumors.Materials and methodsPatients enrolled in a Roche/Genentech-sponsored trial who had derived benefit from bevacizumab therapy as monotherapy or in combination with anticancer drugs were eligible for continuation of bevacizumab in this long-term extension (LTE) study. The primary endpoints were the incidence of adverse events (AEs) of Common Terminology Criteria for AEs (CTCAE) grade ≥3 related to bevacizumab treatment, serious AEs (SAEs), and deaths.ResultsNinety-five patients with the following cancer types were enrolled in the LTE: ovarian cancer or peritoneal carcinoma (n = 41), non-small cell lung cancer (n = 16), glioblastoma multiforme (n = 14), breast cancer (n = 11), colorectal cancer (n = 7), or renal cell carcinoma (n = 6). The median (range) duration of bevacizumab treatment was 15.6 (0.0-81.0) months during the LTE and 57.5 (16.4-134.9) months overall (parent trial + LTE), with three patients receiving bevacizumab for >10 years. Overall, 17 patients (17.9%) experienced SAEs, and 21 (22.1%) had a bevacizumab-related AE of CTCAE grade ≥3 (proteinuria and hypertension were the most common). Four patients died: three from disease progression and one from an AE considered unrelated to bevacizumab.ConclusionThe safety outcomes observed support the tolerability of long-term bevacizumab in patients with various solid tumors, with a median extended treatment duration of almost 5 years overall and >10 years in some individual patients. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01588184.Implications for practiceIn this long-term extension study of patients with solid tumors, the median duration of bevacizumab treatment (including parent trials) was just under 5 years, with a long-term exposure in some patients of 7 to >10 years. Grade ≥3 adverse events related to bevacizumab were consistent with the established safety profile, with proteinuria and hypertension being the most common. Patients received bevacizumab over an extended period of time (beyond the length of most clinical trials), and the overall safety outcomes observed support the tolerability of long-term bevacizumab treatment in patients with solid tumors, with clinical benefit achieved over an extended period.
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Project description:Patients with chronic liver disease (CLD) are at a greater risk of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. This study investigated the antibody response to inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in a long-term prospective cohort of CLD patients. The seropositivity rates and antibody concentrations of anti-SARS-CoV-2 NAbs were similar among patients with different severity of CLD 6 months after the third vaccination. In addition, older CLD patients appeared to have lower antibody responses. These data might be helpful to inform vaccine decisions for patients with chronic liver disease.
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Project description:In multiple malignancies, checkpoint inhibitor therapy has an established role in the first-line treatment setting. However, only a subset of patients benefit from checkpoint inhibition, and as a result, the field of biomarker research is active. Molecular imaging with the use of positron emission tomography (PET) is one of the biomarkers that is being studied. PET tracers such as conventional 18F-FDG but also PD-(L)1 directed tracers are being evaluated for their predictive power. Furthermore, the use of artificial intelligence is under evaluation for the purpose of response prediction. Response evaluation during checkpoint inhibitor therapy can be challenging due to the different response patterns that can be observed compared to traditional chemotherapy. The additional information provided by PET can potentially be of value to evaluate a response early after the start of treatment and provide the clinician with important information about the efficacy of immunotherapy. Furthermore, the use of PET to stratify between patients with a complete response and those with a residual disease can potentially guide clinicians to identify patients for which immunotherapy can be discontinued and patients for whom the treatment needs to be escalated. This review provides an overview of the use of positron emission tomography (PET) to predict and evaluate treatment response to immunotherapy.
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