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Functional Characteristics of Serum Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies against Delta and Omicron Variants after Vaccination with Sputnik V.

ABSTRACT: Anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccination leads to the production of neutralizing as well as non-neutralizing antibodies. In the current study, we investigated the temporal dynamics of both sides of immunity after vaccination with two doses of Sputnik V against SARS-CoV-2 variants Wuhan-Hu-1 SARS-CoV-2 G614-variant (D614G), B.1.617.2 (Delta), and BA.1 (Omicron). First, we constructed a SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus assay to assess the neutralization activity of vaccine sera. We show that serum neutralization activity against BA.1 compared to D614G is decreased by 8.16-, 11.05-, and 11.16- fold in 1, 4, and 6 months after vaccination, respectively. Moreover, previous vaccination did not increase serum neutralization activity against BA.1 in recovered patients. Next, we used the ADMP assay to evaluate the Fc-mediated function of vaccine-induced serum antibodies. Our results show that the antibody-dependent phagocytosis triggered by S-proteins of the D614G, B.1.617.2 and BA.1 variants did not differ significantly in vaccinated individuals. Moreover, the ADMP efficacy was retained over up to 6 months in vaccine sera. Our results demonstrate differences in the temporal dynamics of neutralizing and non-neutralizing antibody functions after vaccination with Sputnik V.

SUBMITTER: Radion EI

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10301317 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Functional Characteristics of Serum Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies against Delta and Omicron Variants after Vaccination with Sputnik V.

Radion Elizaveta I EI Mukhin Vladimir E VE Kholodova Alyona V AV Vladimirov Ivan S IS Alsaeva Darya Y DY Zhdanova Anastasia S AS Ulasova Natalya Y NY Bulanova Natalya V NV Makarov Valentin V VV Keskinov Anton A AA Yudin Sergey M SM

Viruses 20230610 6

Anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccination leads to the production of neutralizing as well as non-neutralizing antibodies. In the current study, we investigated the temporal dynamics of both sides of immunity after vaccination with two doses of Sputnik V against SARS-CoV-2 variants Wuhan-Hu-1 SARS-CoV-2 G614-variant (D614G), B.1.617.2 (Delta), and BA.1 (Omicron). First, we constructed a SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus assay to assess the neutralization activity of vaccine sera. We show that serum neutralization activit ...[more]

PMID: 37376648

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Project description:BackgroundThe continuous emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOC) with immune escape properties, such as Delta (B.1.617.2) and Omicron (B.1.1.529), questions the extent of the antibody-mediated protection against the virus. Here we investigated the long-term antibody persistence in previously infected subjects and the extent of the antibody-mediated protection against B.1, B.1.617.2 and BA.1 variants in unvaccinated subjects previously infected, vaccinated naïve and vaccinated previously infected subjects.MethodsBlood samples collected 15 months post-infection from unvaccinated (n=35) and vaccinated (n=41) previously infected subjects (Vo' cohort) were tested for the presence of antibodies against the SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) and nucleocapsid (N) antigens using the Abbott, DiaSorin, and Roche immunoassays. The serum neutralising reactivity was assessed against B.1, B.1.617.2 (Delta), and BA.1 (Omicron) SARS-CoV-2 strains through micro-neutralisation. The antibody titres were compared to those from previous timepoints, performed at 2- and 9-months post-infection on the same individuals. Two groups of naïve subjects were used as controls, one from the same cohort (unvaccinated n=29 and vaccinated n=20) and a group of vaccinated naïve healthcare workers (n=61).ResultsWe report on the results of the third serosurvey run in the Vo' cohort. With respect to the 9-month time point, antibodies against the S antigen significantly decreased (P=0.0063) among unvaccinated subjects and increased (P<0.0001) in vaccinated individuals, whereas those against the N antigen decreased in the whole cohort. When compared with control groups (naïve Vo' inhabitants and naïve healthcare workers), vaccinated subjects that were previously infected had higher antibody levels (P<0.0001) than vaccinated naïve subjects. Two doses of vaccine elicited stronger anti-S antibody response than natural infection (P<0.0001). Finally, the neutralising reactivity of sera against B.1.617.2 and BA.1 was 4-fold and 16-fold lower than the reactivity observed against the original B.1 strain.ConclusionsThese results confirm that vaccination induces strong antibody response in most individuals, and even stronger in previously infected subjects. Neutralising reactivity elicited by natural infection followed by vaccination is increasingly weakened by the recent emergence of VOCs. While immunity is not completely compromised, a change in vaccine development may be required going forward, to generate cross-protective pan-coronavirus immunity in the global population.

Dataset Information

Functional Characteristics of Serum Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies against Delta and Omicron Variants after Vaccination with Sputnik V.

Publications

Functional Characteristics of Serum Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies against Delta and Omicron Variants after Vaccination with Sputnik V.

Similar Datasets

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