Dataset Information

Prospective observational studies on nutrition intake and the incidence of cognitive impairment in middle-aged and older adults: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis.

ABSTRACT:

Introduction

According to several studies, a specific dietary pattern can reduce the risk of dementia and cognitive impairment. However, the robustness of these results has not been tested. The study intends to investigate the association between nutrition intake and cognitive impairment in middle-aged and older adults (≥45-years) and provide reliable, evidence-based references for healthcare decision-makers, researchers, and policymakers.

Review question

Are the dietary characteristics of community-dwelling adults (≥45-years) associated with the occurrence of cognitive impairment?

Objectives

The primary objective of this protocol is to synthesize the longitudinal observational evidence on the relationship between nutrition intake patterns and the incidence of cognitive impairment in middle-aged and older adults (≥45-years), and to provide detailed dietary recommendations for the prevention of cognitive impairment in this population.

Methods and analysis

Cohort studies conducted among adults (≥45-years) will be included. The following electronic databases will be searched for relevant records published by July 2023, with a restriction on language to English: Pubmed, Medline, Embase, Web of science, Cochrane Library. The studies will be selected, the data will be extracted, and the bias risk will be assessed by two independent investigators. The Meta-analysis of Observational Studies in Epidemiology guidelines will be followed to summarize observational studies, and the protocol will adhere to the recommendations from the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols 2015 statement. Endnote X9 will be used to manage data screening. We will use Review Manager 5.4 and Stata 16.0 to conduct data analysis, and a random-effects model will be applied to pool clinically homogenous studies. The results will be presented based on the form of nutrition intake. For assessing publication bias, Egger's test and visual inspection of funnel plots will be utilized.

Ethics and dissemination

As this study does not involve primary data, ethical approval is not required. The final report will be published in a peer-reviewed journal.

Prospero registration number

A registration number of DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/NAKC3 was assigned to it on October 15, 2022 on Prospero.

SUBMITTER: Jiang H

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10309612 | biostudies-literature | 2023

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Prospective observational studies on nutrition intake and the incidence of cognitive impairment in middle-aged and older adults: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis.

Jiang Hailun H Zhu Weiming W Li Boxuan B Deng Shizhe S Meng Xianggang X Liu Wei W Du Yuzheng Y Meng Zhihong Z

PloS one 20230629 6

<h4>Introduction</h4>According to several studies, a specific dietary pattern can reduce the risk of dementia and cognitive impairment. However, the robustness of these results has not been tested. The study intends to investigate the association between nutrition intake and cognitive impairment in middle-aged and older adults (≥45-years) and provide reliable, evidence-based references for healthcare decision-makers, researchers, and policymakers.<h4>Review question</h4>Are the dietary character ...[more]

PMID: 37384653

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Project description:Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common sleep-disordered breathing condition linked to the accelerated onset of mild cognitive impairment (MCI). However, the prevalence of undiagnosed MCI among OSA patients is high and attributable to the complexity and specialized nature of MCI diagnosis. Timely identification and intervention for MCI can potentially prevent or delay the onset of dementia. This study aimed to develop screening models for MCI in OSA patients that will be suitable for healthcare professionals in diverse settings and can be effectively utilized without specialized neurological training. A prospective observational study was conducted at a specialized sleep medicine center from April 2021 to September 2022. Three hundred and fifty consecutive patients (age: 18-60 years) suspected OSA, underwent the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and polysomnography overnight. Demographic and clinical data, including polysomnographic sleep parameters and additional cognitive function assessments were collected from OSA patients. The data were divided into training (70%) and validation (30%) sets, and predictors of MCI were identified using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses. Models were evaluated for predictive accuracy and calibration, with nomograms for application. Two hundred and thirty-three patients with newly diagnosed OSA were enrolled. The proportion of patients with MCI was 38.2%. Three diagnostic models, each with an accompanying nomogram, were developed. Model 1 utilized body mass index (BMI) and years of education as predictors. Model 2 incorporated N1 and the score of backward task of the digital span test (DST_B) into the base of Model 1. Model 3 expanded upon Model 1 by including the total score of digital span test (DST). Each of these models exhibited robust discriminatory power and calibration. The C-statistics for Model 1, 2, and 3 were 0.803 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.735-0.872], 0.849 (95% CI: 0.788-0.910), and 0.83 (95% CI: 0.763-0.896), respectively. Three straightforward diagnostic models, each requiring only two to four easily accessible parameters, were developed that demonstrated high efficacy. These models offer a convenient diagnostic tool for healthcare professionals in diverse healthcare settings, facilitating timely and necessary further evaluation and intervention for OSA patients at an increased risk of MCI.

Dataset Information

Prospective observational studies on nutrition intake and the incidence of cognitive impairment in middle-aged and older adults: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction

Review question

Objectives

Methods and analysis

Ethics and dissemination

Prospero registration number

Publications

Prospective observational studies on nutrition intake and the incidence of cognitive impairment in middle-aged and older adults: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis.

Similar Datasets

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