Dataset Information

Effect of Norovirus Inoculum Dose on Virus Kinetics, Shedding, and Symptoms.

ABSTRACT: The effect of norovirus dose on outcomes such as virus shedding and symptoms after initial infection is not well understood. We performed a secondary analysis of a human challenge study by using Bayesian mixed-effects models. As the dose increased from 4.8 to 4,800 reverse transcription PCR units, the total amount of shed virus in feces increased from 4.5 × 10¹¹ to 3.4 × 10¹² genomic equivalent copies; in vomit, virus increased from 6.4 × 10⁵ to 3.0 × 10⁷ genomic equivalent copies. Onset time of viral shedding in feces decreased from 1.4 to 0.8 days, and time of peak viral shedding decreased from 2.3 to 1.5 days. Time to symptom onset decreased from 1.5 to 0.8 days. One type of symptom score increased. An increase in norovirus dose was associated with more rapid shedding and symptom onset and possibly increased severity. However, the effect on virus load and shedding was inconclusive.

SUBMITTER: Ge Y

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10310361 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Effect of Norovirus Inoculum Dose on Virus Kinetics, Shedding, and Symptoms.

Ge Yang Y Billings W Zane WZ Opekun Antone A Estes Mary M Graham David D Leon Juan J Koelle Katia K Shen Ye Y Atmar Robert R Lopman Benjamin B Handel Andreas A

Emerging infectious diseases 20230701 7

The effect of norovirus dose on outcomes such as virus shedding and symptoms after initial infection is not well understood. We performed a secondary analysis of a human challenge study by using Bayesian mixed-effects models. As the dose increased from 4.8 to 4,800 reverse transcription PCR units, the total amount of shed virus in feces increased from 4.5 × 1011 to 3.4 × 1012 genomic equivalent copies; in vomit, virus increased from 6.4 × 105 to 3.0 × 107</s ...[more]

PMID: 37347494

Similar Datasets

Project description:BackgroundRabbit haemorrhagic disease virus Lagovirus europaeus/GI.1d variant (GI.1d/RHDV) was identified in 1990 in France, and until the emergence of the new genotype GI.2, it was the main variant circulating in the country. The early stages of RHDV infection have been described in a few studies of rabbits experimentally infected with earlier strains, but no information was given on the minimum infective dose. We report the genomic and phenotypic characterisation of a GI.1d/RHDV strain collected in 2000 in France (GI.1d/00-21).ResultsWe performed in vivo assays in rabbits to study virus replication kinetics in several tissues at the early stage of infection, and to estimate the minimum infective dose. Four tested doses, negligible (10- 1 viral genome copies), low (104), high (107) and very high (1011) were quantified using a method combining density gradient centrifugation of the viral particles and an RT-qPCR technique developed to quantify genomic RNA (gRNA). The GI.1d/00-21 genome showed the same genomic organisation as other lagoviruses; however, a substitution in the 5' untranslated region and a change in the potential p23/2C-like helicase cleavage site were observed. We showed that the liver of one of the two rabbits inoculated via the oral route was infected at 16 h post-infection and all tissues at 39 h post-infection. GI.1d/00-21 induced classical RHD signs (depression) and lesions (haemorrhage and splenomegaly). Although infective dose estimation should be interpreted with caution, the minimum infective dose that infected an inoculated rabbit was lower or equal to 104 gRNA copies, whereas between 104 and 107 gRNA copies were required to also induce mortality.ConclusionsThese results provide a better understanding of GI.1d/RHDV infection in rabbits. The genome analysis showed a newly observed mutation in the 5' untranslated region of a lagovirus, whose role remains unknown. The phenotypic analysis showed that the pathogenicity of GI.1d/00-21 and the replication kinetics in infected organs were close to those reported for the original GI.1 strains, and could not alone explain the observed selective advantage of the GI.1d strains. Determining the minimum dose of viral particles required to cause mortality in rabbits is an important input for in vivo studies.

Dataset Information

Effect of Norovirus Inoculum Dose on Virus Kinetics, Shedding, and Symptoms.

Publications

Effect of Norovirus Inoculum Dose on Virus Kinetics, Shedding, and Symptoms.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets