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Effect of in-office bleaching agent on the surface roughness and microhardness of nanofilled and nanohybrid composite resins.

ABSTRACT: Background: To compare the surface roughness and microhardness of Ceram.x® SphereTEC™ one and Filtek Z350 XT after in-office bleaching with Pola office. Methods: Twenty samples each of (10 mm diameter and 2 mm height) Ceram.x® SphereTEC™ one and Filtek Z350 XT were prepared. The samples were subjected to three bleaching sessions with 35% hydrogen peroxide (Pola office) with a seven-day interval between each session. Surface roughness and microhardness of the prepared samples prior to and after the bleaching regimen were measured using a profilometer and Vickers hardness tester, respectively. Results: A significant reduction (p <0.001) in the surface hardness of Filtek Z350 XT from 27.67 ± 2.10 to 17.83 ± 1.36 Vickers hardness number (VHN) was observed after the bleaching whereas no significant reduction in surface hardness was observed with Ceram.x® SphereTEC™ one. The adjusted mean (estimated marginal mean) microhardness after bleaching for Ceram.x ^® SphereTEC™ one (35.79 ± 1.45) was significantly higher than Filtek Z350 XT (19.54 ± 1.45) (p < 0.001). However, in-office bleaching of these materials did not significantly alter their surface roughness. Conclusions: In office-bleaching with 35% hydrogen peroxide can reduce the microhardness of nanofilled composite. However, the surface roughness was not influenced by the bleaching procedure in both nanohybrid and nanofilled composite resin materials.

SUBMITTER: Chakraborty A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10311121 | biostudies-literature | 2023

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Effect of in-office bleaching agent on the surface roughness and microhardness of nanofilled and nanohybrid composite resins.

Chakraborty Anindita A Purayil Tina T Ginjupalli Kishore K Pentapati Kalyana-Chakravarthy KC Shenoy Neetha N

F1000Research 20230518

<b>Background</b>: To compare the surface roughness and microhardness of Ceram.x® SphereTEC™ one and Filtek Z350 XT after in-office bleaching with Pola office. <b>Methods</b>: Twenty samples each of (10 mm diameter and 2 mm height) Ceram.x® SphereTEC™ one and Filtek Z350 XT were prepared. The samples were subjected to three bleaching sessions with 35% hydrogen peroxide (Pola office) with a seven-day interval between each session. Surface roughness and microhardness of the prepared samples prior ...[more]

PMID: 37396049

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Project description:BackgroundThe aim of this study was to investigate the effect of an immune-boosting beverage with Sambucus nigra (SAM), an energy beverage (ENE), an in-office bleaching agent with a novel composition, and a fine-grain professional dental prophylaxis (PDP) paste on the surface roughness (Ra) and microhardness (MH) of CAD/CAM restorative materials over time.MethodsFeldspathic ceramic (FC) and polymer infiltrated ceramic network (PICN) specimens were prepared (N = 126). Glazing, polishing, bleaching and immersion in beverages groups were formed. Bleaching gel containing 25% Hydrogen Peroxide Superior was applied to the specimens with a bleaching pen. Ra and MH were measured at five time points of baseline, days 1, 14, 28 and after PDP. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images were taken after PDP. Statistics were performed by ANOVA and Bonferroni tests (α = 0.05).ResultsRa increased over time regardless of material type, polishing method, beverage type and bleaching (p < 0.0001). Glazed and polished FCs caused higher roughness than PICN, SAM and ENE than distilled water, and bleaching than no bleaching (p < 0.0001). For glazed or polished FCs, MH decreased slightly lower at all time points, but for PICN, MH increased until day 28, not changing after PDP. Beverages decreased the MH of ceramics at all time points, but PDP did not lead to a change for PICN (p < 0.0001). The MH decreased more in bleached specimens than in non-bleached specimens up to day 28 (p < 0.0001). According to the SEM images after PDP, the glazed FC had numerous crack marks, pores and detached particles. The polished FC had traces of mechanical polishing. The polymer part of the PICN had voids, but the ceramic part was better preserved.ConclusionsBoth energy beverages and immune-boosting beverages can increase roughness on FCs compared to PICNs. There was no significant difference between glazing and polishing in terms of lower roughness in FCs. PDP tended to slightly increase the roughness for ceramics, while it tended not to change it for PICN. Beverages decreased the microhardness of ceramics. PDP further decreased the microhardness in glazed ceramics, but increased it in polished ones. In PICN the microhardness increased over time, but decreased slightly after PDP.

Project description:Background: Whitening toothpastes exert a whitening effect on teeth through higher surface cleaning effectiveness resulting from the abrasive properties of the paste or specific chemical components. This systematic review and meta-analysis was conceptualized to examine the relationship between whitening toothpastes and surface roughness as well as microhardness of human teeth and to clarify the evidence base available around this relationship by conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies in this topic area, looking at in vitro randomized control trials. Methods: Criteria for including studies in the review were done based on population, intervention, comparison, outcomes and study and studies were identified from electronic databases. Covidence® was used for data screening and data extraction. The CONSORT tool was used for checking relevant content and methodology used in each of the papers reviewed. Systematic review was done followed by meta-analysis, using Review Manager. Results: A total of 125 articles were obtained on key word search. After duplicate removal and title screening, 17 articles were eligible for full text review. Finally, 7 studies were included for systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted on 4 studies. The forest plot for surface roughness showed that that the meta-analytic effect was statistically significant with surface roughness value being higher in the intervention group. The forest plot for microhardness showed that the meta-analytic effect was statistically significant with the microhardness value being lesser in the intervention group. Conclusions: Although whitening toothpastes typically can lighten tooth color by about one or two shades, there is some evidence to show that these toothpastes also affect the mineral content of teeth by increasing surface roughness and reducing microhardness. More evidence and further research are needed to identify the type of whitening agent which will whiten the tooth effectively while maintaining the integrity of the tooth structure.

Project description:Background and Objectives: Surfaces of composite restorations are adversely affected upon bleaching and topical fluoride application. Such a procedure is normally carried out in the presence of restorations already serving in a different oral environment, although previous in vitro studies only considered the freshly-prepared composite specimens for assessment. The current study accordingly aimed to evaluate both the surface hardness and roughness of aged composite restoratives following their successive exposure to bleaching and topical fluoride preparations. Materials and Methods: Disc specimens were prepared from micro-hybrid, nano-filled, flowable and bulk-fill resin composites (groups 1-4, n = 60 each). All specimens were subjected to artificial aging before their intermittent exposure to surface treatment with: none (control), bleach or topical fluoride (subgroups 1-3, n = 20). All surface treatments were interrupted with two periods of 5000 thermal cycles. Specimens' surfaces were then tested for both surface hardness (Vickers hardness number (VHN), n = 10) and roughness (Ra, n = 10). The collected VHNs and Ras were statistically analyzed using two-way ANOVA and Tukey's comparisons at ? = 0.05 to confirm the significance of differences between subgroups. Results: None of the tested composites showed differences in surface hardness and roughness between the bleached and the non-treated specimens (p > 0.05), but the bleached flowable composite specimens only were rougher than their control (p < 0.000126). In comparison to the control, fluoride treatment not only reduced the surface hardness of both micro-hybrid (p = 0.000129) and flowable (p = 0.0029) composites, but also increased the surface roughness of all tested composites (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Aged composite restoratives provide minimal surface alterations on successive bleaching and fluoride applications. Flowable resin composite is the most affected by such procedures. Although bleaching seems safe for other types of composites, the successive fluoride application could deteriorate the aged surfaces of the tested resin composites.

Project description:Probiotics are live microorganisms that upon administration in adequate amounts provide various health benefits to the host. Probiotics are "lactic acid-producing bacteria" as they release large amounts of organic acids, particularly lactic acids, in their surrounding environment. Although the acids produced by probiotics are beneficial for gastrointestinal and vaginal health, the acidogenic nature of probiotics has raised concerns among dental professionals, especially concerning their effect on the enamel and dentin. Previous studies have found that probiotics can lower the pH of the saliva and cause essential elements like Calcium and Phosphorus to leach from the enamel. This can alter the surface topography of enamel and increase the risk of enamel defects. Studies have also noted that probiotic bacteria can replace cariogenic bacteria and lower the risk of tooth decay. However, the effect of acid produced by probiotics on the enamel surface remains unclear. Hence, the present study aims to evaluate the effect of probiotics on the surface roughness, microhardness, and elemental composition of enamel compared to 0.1 M Lactic acid (demineralizing agent). Twenty enamel sections were randomly divided into groups and subjected to a pH cycling model using a probiotic suspension and 0.1 M lactic acid. The changes in the surface roughness, microhardness, surface morphology, and elemental composition of the enamel with regard to Carbon, Oxygen, Sodium, Hydrogen, Magnesium, Phosphorus, Fluoride, Chlorine, and Calcium of the enamel were evaluated before and after the emersion in both the groups. The results showed a significant increase in the mean surface roughness in the probiotic group before and after the exposure. The microhardness of the enamel decreased along with altered arrangement of the enamel prisms, increased striations, scratch marks, and pitting after exposure to the probiotic group. A decrease in the atomic/weight% for Calcium, Phosphorous, Fluoride, Aluminium, and Oxygen and an increase in the weight/atomic% for Carbon, Nitrogen, and Sodium were noted compared to the baseline in the probiotic solution. The results in the probiotic group were comparable to the 0.1 M lactic acids. The pH changed from 5.78 to 3.06 at the end of 24 h in the probiotic group. Based on these findings, we conclude that exposure to probiotics can affect microhardness and surface roughness and cause leaching of essential elements like Calcium and Phosphorous from the enamel.

Dataset Information

Effect of in-office bleaching agent on the surface roughness and microhardness of nanofilled and nanohybrid composite resins.

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Effect of in-office bleaching agent on the surface roughness and microhardness of nanofilled and nanohybrid composite resins.

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